System and method to improve the network performance of a wireless communications network by finding an optimal route between a source and a destination
View Patent ↗A system and method for calculating an optimal route at a node by making use of routing metrics which if carefully chosen, can provide stability to the network and also provide features like Self Healing and Load Balancing. A Routing metric is calculated as a scalar number based upon a number of factors, such as number of hops, data rate, link quality and device type. Each factor can be determined by evaluation of Hello messages, or other routing messages as required.
1. A method for calculating an optimal route between nodes in a wireless ad-hoc multi-hopping peer-to-peer communication network, the method comprising:
when one of the nodes acts as a source node and attempts to send a data packet to another one of the nodes which is a destination node which is not within direct communication with the source node, the source node transmits a route request message;
when other nodes receive the route request message, and one of those other nodes has a route to the destination node, that one of the nodes transmits a route reply message for delivery along a path including those other nodes, the route reply message including a route metric for the route between that one node and the destination node, the route metric including information representing at least one of the following: a number of hops between the source and destination node, a data rate along the route between the source and destination node, link quality along the route between the source and destination node, and information representing the types of nodes along the route between the source and destination node, and each of those other nodes, upon receipt of the route reply message, adds its respective route metric for a route between itself and the node from which it received the route reply message, before delivery of the route reply message to the source node; and
the source node transmits the data packet for delivery to the destination node based on the route reply message.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein: the source node and destination node are mobile nodes.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
the route request message and route reply message each include respective hop count information and route metric information which are updated each time the respective message is sent from one node to another.
4. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:
the route metric includes information representing at least one of the following: a data rate along the route between the source and destination node, and information representing the types of nodes along the route between the source and destination node.
5. A method for calculating an optimal route between a node and a destination node through one or more other nodes including at least one neighbor node in a wireless communication network, the method comprising:
the neighbor node broadcasting a message including a routing metric from the neighbor node to the destination node;
in response to receiving the message, the node calculating a route metric to the destination node through the neighbor node by adding to the route metric in the message its respective route metric for a route between itself and the neighbor node from which it received the message and a bias associated with a type of the neighbor node, and uses this updated route metric as the route metric for the route to the node.
6. A method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein:
the message is a routing message.
7. A method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein:
the message is a hello message.
8. A method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein:
the route metric includes information representing at least one of the following: a data rate along the route between the source and destination nodes, and information representing the types of nodes along the route between the source and destination nodes.
9. A method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein:
the message is a periodic message.
10. A system for calculating an optimal route between a node and a destination node through one or more other nodes including at least one neighbor node in a wireless communication network, the system comprising:
the neighbor node, which broadcasts a message including a routing metric from the neighbor node to the destination node; and
the node, comprising:
a controller for calculating a route metric to the destination node through the neighbor node by adding, upon receipt of the message, to the route metric in the message its respective route metric for a route between itself and the neighbor node from which it received the message and a bias associated with a type of the neighbor node, and uses this updated route metric as the route metric for the route to the node.
11. A system as claimed in claim 10 , wherein:
the message is a routing message.
12. A system as claimed in claim 10 , wherein:
the message is a hello message.
13. A system as claimed in claim 10 , wherein:
the route metric includes information representing at least one of the following: a data rate along the route between the source and destination nodes, and information representing the types of nodes along the route between the source and destination nodes.
14. A system as claimed in claim 10 , wherein:
the message is a periodic message.