Decreased hot side fin density heat exchanger
View Patent ↗Apparatus and method for cooling heated fluids, such as exhaust gases, flowing through a heat exchanger including at least one exhaust gas plenum with fins or other heat transfer structure and at least one coolant plenum, and providing decreased heat exchange in that portion of the exhaust gas plenum contacting the inlet thereof by decreasing the fin or heat transfer structure density in such portion relative to the remainder of the exhaust gas plenum.
1. A heat exchanger comprising:
at least one exhaust plenum for containing flowing heated fluid having at least one inlet receiving flowing heated fluid and at least one outlet for discharging flowing heated fluid, said inlet(s) spaced from said outlet(s), and having at least one first zone adjacent to the at least one inlet of the exhaust plenum, the first zone comprising a heat transfer structure, and at least one second zone downstream from the first zone, with the second zone comprising a higher heat transfer structure than the first zone; and
at least one coolant plenum for containing flowing coolant, the coolant plenum contacting at least one exhaust plenum;
wherein the coolant flows generally perpendicular or generally parallel to the heated fluid.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the first zone and second zone comprise a multiplicity of heat transfer fins generally axial with the flow of exhaust, wherein the number of fins in the first zone is less than the number of fins in the second zone.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the heat transfer fins comprise right angle fins or zigzag pleated fins.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the second zone comprises fins generally axial with the flow of exhaust and displaced a determined distance sideways at regular intervals with respect to the axial flow of exhaust.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , comprising a plurality of exhaust plenums and a plurality of coolant plenums, wherein the exhaust plenums are arranged in an alternating manner between cooling plenums, every second plenum being a cooling plenum.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein at least one exhaust plenum has a defined length, with the direction of flow along said length, and a defined width.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the first zone and second zone comprise a multiplicity of heat transfer fins generally along the direction of flow, wherein the number of fins per unit of defined width in the first zone is less than the number of fins per unit of defined width in the second zone.
8. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the rate of heat transfer in the first zone is less than the rate of heat transfer in the second zone.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein me heat transfer structure of the first zone and of the second zone is an integral part of the at least one exhaust gas plenum.
10. The apparatus accordingly to claim 8 , wherein the at least one exhaust gas plenum comprises a structure with pleats or grooves providing a heat transfer structure.
11. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one exhaust gas plenum comprises passage plates defining at least two opposing sides of the at least one exhaust gas plenum, and the heat transfer structure of the first zone and the second zone is a structure interposed between such passage plates.
12. The apparatus accordingly to claim 10 , wherein the heat transfer structure is a first pleated sheet in the first zone and a second pleated sheet in the second zone.
13. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the number of pleats within the first zone is less than the number of pleats within the second zone.
14. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the first pleated sheet and second pleated sheet form heat transfer fins and the number of fins in the first zone is less than the number of fins in the second zone.
15. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the pleats of the first pleated sheet and the second pleated sheet are formed of right angles.
16. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the pleats of the first pleated sheet and the second pleated sheet are formed of acute angles.
17. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein at least one of the first pleated sheet and the second pleated sheet further comprise perforations.
18. A method for cooling recirculated exhaust without excessive heating of coolant or heat exchanger components adjacent to an inlet of a heat exchanger, the method comprising:
directing heated exhaust through at least one exhaust plenum with an inlet and an outlet, the highest temperature of such exhaust being at the inlet;
conveying coolant through at least one coolant plenum disposed adjacent to the at least one exhaust plenum;
defining a first area within the exhaust plenum adjacent to the exhaust plenum inlet, the first area comprising a heat transfer structure, and a second area within the exhaust plenum not adjacent to the exhaust plenum inlet, the second area comprising a heat transfer structure;
configuring the exhaust plenum such that the rate of heat transfer in the first area is less than the rate of heat transfer in the second area; and
permitting heat energy to be removed from the exhaust;
wherein the coolant flows generally perpendicular or generally parallel to the heated exhaust.