Planar micro fuel processor
View Patent ↗Described herein is a fuel processor that produces hydrogen from a fuel source. The fuel processor comprises a reformer, boiler and burner. The reformer includes a catalyst to facilitate the production of hydrogen from the fuel source. A boiler heats the fuel source before receipt by the reformer. The burner provides heat to the reformer and to the boiler. The fuel processor may also comprise a dock that maintains position of the reformer and boiler within the fuel processor. Dewars are also described that improve thermal management of a fuel processor by reducing heat loss and increasing burner efficiency.
1. A fuel processor for producing hydrogen from a fuel source, the fuel processor comprising:
a reformer including a set of reformer channels disposed in a first substrate and including a reformer catalyst that facilitates the production of hydrogen from the fuel source;
a boiler including a set of channels disposed in a second substrate and configured to heat the fuel source before the reformer receives the fuel source;
a burner configured to provide heat to the reformer and configured to provide heat to the boiler;
a dock having a securing member only on a first wall of the dock, the securing member configured to maintain position of the reformer and boiler within the fuel processor by applying a compliant securing force from the first wall that passes through a portion of the first substrate and a portion of the second substrate; and
a compliant material that intercepts the complaint securing force and establishes an upper limit for the compliant securing force, wherein the reformer channels and the boiler channels are not in contact with the compliant material.
2. The fuel processor of claim 1 wherein the securing member is a screw that threads through a threaded hole in a first wall of the dock.
3. The fuel processor of claim 2 further comprising a compliant material disposed between the first wall and a dock wall that opposes the first wall, wherein the compliant material intercepts a securing force provided by the screw and establishes an upper limit for the securing force.
4. The fuel processor of claim 3 wherein the compliant material reduces pressure variation in the portion of the first substrate.
5. The fuel processor of claim 1 wherein the dock is configured to permit transport of hydrogen from the reformer to outside the fuel processor though a wall included in the dock.
6. The fuel processor of claim 1 wherein the dock is configured to permit transport of the fuel source to the reformer from outside the fuel processor though a wall included in the dock.
7. The fuel processor of claim 6 wherein the dock comprises a socket that opens to a manifold that transports a gas or fluid between socket and the reformer.
8. The fuel processor of claim 7 wherein the socket is configured to receive a tube that transports the fuel source to the fuel processor.
9. The fuel processor of claim 8 wherein the dock is configured to reduce translation of mechanical stress between the tube and the first substrate.
10. The fuel processor of claim 1 further comprising a plate disposed adjacent to the first substrate and configured to cover the reformer channels.
11. The fuel processor of claim 1 further comprising a shell attached to the dock, wherein the dock and shell collectively encapsulate the reformer, boiler and burner.
12. The fuel processor of claim 1 wherein the first substrate comprises silicon, silicon alloy, or a metal.
13. The fuel processor of claim 12 wherein the reformer channels are formed in the silicon or metal using an etch process.
14. The fuel processor of claim 1 wherein the reformer catalyst comprises a wash coat disposed over the reformer channels.
15. The fuel processor of claim 1 wherein the reformer channels comprise a width between about 20 microns and about 400 microns.
16. The fuel processor of claim 1 wherein the reformer channels comprise a depth to width ratio from about 2:1 to about 100:1.
17. The fuel processor of claim 1 wherein the burner is a catalytic burner including a catalyst that facilitates the production of heat using the fuel source.
18. A fuel processor for producing hydrogen from a fuel source, the fuel processor comprising:
a reformer including a set of reformer channels disposed in a first substrate and including a reformer catalyst that facilitates the production of hydrogen from the fuel source;
a boiler including a set of channels disposed in a second substrate and configured to heat the fuel source before the reformer receives the fuel source;
a catalytic burner including a catalyst that facilitates the production of heat using the fuel source, configured to provide heat to the first substrate and the second substrate, and including a set of channels disposed in one of the first substrate and the second substrate;
a dock having a securing member only on a first wall of the dock, the securing member configured to maintain position of the reformer and boiler within the fuel processor and configured to apply or receive a securing force at a first wall of the dock, wherein the securing force passes through a portion of the first substrate and a portion of the second substrate; and
a compliant material disposed between the first wall and a dock wall that opposes the first wall, wherein the compliant material intercepts the securing force and establishes an upper limit for the securing force.
19. The fuel processor of claim 18 wherein the burner catalyst comprises a wash coat disposed over the burner channels.
20. The fuel processor of claim 18 wherein the first substrate comprises silicon, silicon alloy, or a metal.
21. The fuel processor of claim 20 wherein the burner channels are formed in the silicon, silicon alloy, or a metal using an etch process.
22. The fuel processor of claim 18 wherein the burner channels comprise a width between about 20 microns and about 400 microns.
23. The fuel processor of claim 18 wherein the burner comprises a wash coat disposed over the burner channels.
24. The fuel processor of claim 18 wherein the burner channels comprise a depth to width ratio from about 2:1 to about 100:1.
25. The fuel processor of claim 18 further comprising a second set of burner channels disposed in the other of the first substrate and the second substrate.
26. The fuel processor of claim 25 wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are arranged in contact with each other and channels in the first set of burner channels open to channels in the second set of burner channels.
27. The fuel processor of claim 18 wherein the compliant material reduces pressure variation in the portion of the first substrate.
28. The fuel processor of claim 18 wherein the dock comprises a screw that threads through a threaded hole in a first wall of the dock and applies the securing force.