Mutant adeno-associated virus virions and methods of use thereof
The present invention provides mutant adeno-associated virus (AAV) that exhibit altered capsid properties, e.g., reduced binding to neutralizing antibodies in serum and/or altered heparin binding and/or altered infectivity of particular cell types. The present invention further provides libraries of mutant AAV comprising one or more mutations in a capsid gene. The present invention further provides methods of generating the mutant AAV and mutant AAV libraries, and compositions comprising the mutant AAV. The present invention further provides recombinant AAV (rAAV) virions that comprise a mutant capsid protein. The present invention further provides nucleic acids comprising nucleotide sequences that encode mutant capsid proteins, and host cells comprising the nucleic acids. The present invention further provides methods of delivering a gene product to an individual, the methods generally involving administering an effective amount of a subject rAAV virion to an individual in need thereof.
1. An infectious recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) virion comprising:
a) a variant AAV capsid protein comprising at least one amino acid substitution relative to a wild-type AAV capsid protein, wherein the at least one amino acid substitution is in a surface accessible region of the GH loop of the capsid, wherein the at least one amino acid substitution results in increased infectivity of a non-permissive primary cell compared to the infectivity of a wild-type AAV virion for the non-permissive cell, wherein infectivity is expressed as the ratio of infectious viral particles to total viral particles; and
b) a heterologous nucleic acid.
2. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the rAAV virion exhibits reduced heparin binding relative to wild-type AAV.
3. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the rAAV virion exhibits increased heparin binding relative to wild-type AAV.
4. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the rAAV virion exhibits reduced inhibition of infection by neutralizing antibodies relative to the inhibition of infection by neutralizing antibodies of wild-type AAV virion.
5. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the rAAV virion exhibits increased capacity to cross an endothelial cell layer relative to wild-type AAV virion.
6. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the heterologous nucleic acid comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding an interfering RNA (RNAi) that reduces expression of a target gene.
7. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the heterologous nucleic acid comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding a therapeutic protein.
8. The rAAV virion of claim 7 , wherein the therapeutic protein is selected from an interferon, an erythropoietin, an antibody, a blood factor, a colony stimulating factor, a hormone, and a chemokine.
9. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the heterologous nucleic acid comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding an antigenic protein.
10. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the non-permissive cell is a lung epithelial cell, a hepatocyte, or a stem cell.
11. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the variant AAV capsid protein comprises one or more of a W23L substitution, a S196T substitution, a D231G substitution, a S261F substitution, a V323F substitution, a Q349P substitution, a G406E substitution, a N408D substitution, a N569D substitution, and a N596D substitution.
12. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the capsid protein comprises one or more of a G111R substitution, a M235V substitution, a K258E substitution, a L315P substitution, a E322G substitution, a Q401R substitution, a L437H substitution, a N551D substitution, a N582D substitution, a V605I substitution, and a T660A substitution.
13. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the non-permissive cell exhibits less than about 70% of the infectivity of 293 cells to adeno-associated virus.
14. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the rAAV virion exhibits at least about 2-fold greater infectivity of the non-permissive cell than a wild-type AAV.
15. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the rAAV virion exhibits at least about 5-fold greater infectivity of the non-permissive cell than a wild-type AAV.
16. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the rAAV virion exhibits at least about 10-fold greater infectivity of the non-permissive cell than a wild-type AAV.
17. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the rAAV virion exhibits at least about 25-fold greater infectivity of the non-permissive cell than a wild-type AAV.
18. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the variant AAV capsid protein comprises from 1 to 25 amino acid substitutions relative to a wild-type AAV capsid protein.
19. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the variant AAV capsid protein comprises an amino acid sequence having at least about 85% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in one of SEQ ID NOs:17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, and 33.
20. The rAAV virion of claim 10 , wherein the stem cell is a hematopoietic stem cell, a neural stem cell, an embryonic stem cell, a mesenchymal stem cell, or a mesodermal stem cell.
21. The rAAV virion of claim 1 , wherein the non-permissive cell is a lung epithelial cell.
22. The rAAV virion of claim 18 , wherein the variant AAV capsid protein comprises an amino acid sequence having at least about 95% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in one of SEQ ID NOs:17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, and 33.
23. An infectious recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) virion comprising:
a) a variant AAV capsid protein comprising from 1 to 10 amino acid substitutions relative to a wild-type AAV capsid protein, wherein the from 1 to 10 amino acid substitutions is in a surface accessible region of the GH loop of the capsid, wherein the variant AAV capsid protein comprises an amino acid sequence having at least about 95% amino acid sequence identity to the amino acid sequence set forth in one of SEQ ID NOs:17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, and 33, wherein the from 1 to 10 amino acid substitutions results in increased infectivity of a non-permissive primary cell compared to the infectivity of a wild-type AAV virion for the non-permissive cell, and wherein infectivity is expressed as the ratio of infectious viral particles to total viral particles; and
b) a heterologous nucleic acid.
24. An infectious recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) virion comprising:
a) a variant AAV capsid protein comprising a W23L substitution, a D231G substitution, an S261F substitution, a V323F substitution, a Q349P substitution, a G406E substitution, and an N408D substitution, relative to a wild-type AAV capsid protein, wherein the substitutions result in increased infectivity of a non-permissive primary cell compared to the infectivity of a wild-type AAV virion for the non-permissive cell, wherein infectivity is expressed as the ratio of infectious viral particles to total viral particles; and
b) a heterologous nucleic acid.
25. An infectious recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) virion comprising:
a) a variant AAV capsid protein comprising a W23L substitution, an S196T substitution, a D231G substitution, an S261F substitution, a Q349P substitution, a G406E substitution, an N408D substitution, an N569D substitution, and an N596D substitution, relative to a wild-type AAV capsid protein, wherein the substitutions result in increased infectivity of a non-permissive primary cell compared to the infectivity of a wild-type AAV virion for the non-permissive cell, wherein infectivity is expressed as the ratio of infectious viral particles to total viral particles; and
b) a heterologous nucleic acid.