Turbine blade for monitoring blade vibration

1. A system for monitoring rotating blade vibration, comprising:

a blade;

a target with a first indicating edge and a second indicating edge, the first and second indicating edges being nonparallel and arranged on top of the blade;

a receiving device adapted to receive data about the target to calculate an amplitude or phase of an axial or tangential mode of vibration; and

a processor that interprets the received data or information from the receiving device over many revolutions of the blade to determine a vibration wave of vibratory motion of the blade.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the receiving device transmits a field.

3. The system as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a transmitting device that generates a field that the target passes through.

4. The system as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the transmitting device is selected from the group consisting of: a laser, a magnetic sensor, a microwave transmitter, and combinations thereof.

5. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the target geometry has two non-parallel edges.

6. The system as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the target geometry is a triangle.

7. The system as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the target geometry is a right triangle.

8. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the target is painted on a tip or shroud of the blade.

9. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the target is a fired ceramic coating on the tip or shroud of the blade.

10. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the target is adapted to reflect a laser beam.

11. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the target is located on a single blade.

12. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the target is located on a plurality of blades.

13. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a laser is surrounded by a plurality of receivers.

14. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sensor is located above the target.

15. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a frequency, amplitude, and phase of an axial or tangential mode of vibration is calculated.

16. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a combined axial and tangential mode of vibration is calculated.

17. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the axial mode of vibration is individually calculated or the tangential mode of vibration is individually calculated.

18. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the amplitude or phase is the amplitude or phase of only the axial component of vibration and having no tangential component.

19. The system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the amplitude or phase is the amplitude or phase of only the tangential component of vibration and having no axial component.

20. A blade adapted for measuring blade vibration, comprising:

a root portion;

a platform portion;

an airfoil portion; and

a target with a first indicating edge and a second indicating edge, the first indicating edge and the second indicating edge being non-parallel,

wherein a vibration wave of vibratory motion of the blade including an amplitude or phase is determined over many revolutions of the operating blade.

21. The blade as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the blade is a shrouded blade.

22. The blade as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the shroud is adapted to support a target.

23. The blade as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the target has two non-parallel edges.

24. The blade as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the target has the shape of a right triangle.

25. The blade as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the amplitude or phase is the amplitude or phase of only the axial component of vibration and having no tangential component.

26. The blade as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the amplitude or phase is the amplitude or phase of only the tangential component of vibration and having no axial component.

27. A method for monitoring vibration of a blade, comprising:

connecting a target to a blade tip;

passing the target through a first transmission signal field of a transmission device at a first moment in time;

reflecting the transmission signal from the target to a receiver at a second moment in time; and

processing the first and second received signals over many revolutions of the blade to obtain a vibration wave of vibratory motion of the blade.

28. The method as claimed in claim 27 , wherein a frequency, amplitude, or phase of an axial or tangential mode of vibration is determined.

29. The method as claimed in claim 27 , wherein a combined axial and tangential mode of vibration is determined.