Methods and reagents for decreasing clinical reaction to allergy
The present invention provides methods and compositions for treating or preventing allergic reactions, particularly anaphylactic reactions. Methods of the present invention involve administering microorganisms to allergic subjects, where the microorganisms contain a recombinant version of the protein allergen. The recombinant version can be wild-type or may include mutations within IgE epitopes of the protein allergen. Preferably the compositions are administered rectally. Particularly preferred microorganisms are bacteria such as E. coli . Any allergen may be used in the inventive methods. Particularly preferred allergens are anaphylactic allergens including protein allergens found in foods, venoms, drugs and latex. The inventive compositions and methods are demonstrated in the treatment of peanut-induced anaphylaxis.
1 . A method of treating or preventing allergy in a subject susceptible to an allergic response to a protein allergen, the method comprising delivering via the rectum of the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises:
microorganisms containing therein a recombinant version of the allergen; and
a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the protein allergen is an anaphylactic allergen.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the protein allergen is a food allergen.
4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein the food allergen is selected from the group consisting of nut allergens, fish allergens, legume allergens and dairy allergens.
5 . The method of claim 4 , wherein the food allergen is selected from the group consisting of peanut allergens, milk allergens and egg allergens.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein the food allergen is a peanut allergen.
7 . The method of claim 6 , wherein the peanut allergen has an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4 and SEQ ID NO:6.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the recombinant version of the protein allergen is a wild-type recombinant allergen that includes substantially the same amino acid sequence as the protein allergen.
9 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the recombinant version of the protein allergen is a wild-type recombinant allergen that includes exactly the same amino acid sequence as the protein allergen.
10 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the recombinant version of the protein allergen is a mutant recombinant allergen that includes substantially the same amino acid sequence as the protein allergen except that at least one amino acid has been mutated in at least one IgE epitope of the protein allergen.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the recombinant version of the protein allergen is a mutant recombinant allergen that includes exactly the same amino acid sequence as the protein allergen except that at least one amino acid has been mutated in at least one IgE epitope of the protein allergen.
12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the microorganisms are bacterial cells.
13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein the microorganisms are E. coli cells.
14 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the microorganisms are selected from the group consisting of yeast, fungal and insect cells.
15 . The method of claim 1 , wherein production of the recombinant version of the allergen is inducible; and wherein after the step of delivering, the method further comprises the step of inducing expression of the recombinant version of the allergen.
16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein in the step of inducing, the polypeptide is secreted into a periplasm or secreted outside the microorganism.
17 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the microorganisms are gram-negative bacteria or yeast and the recombinant version of the allergen is located within a periplasm of the microorganisms.
18 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the recombinant version of the allergen is located within the cytoplasm of the microorganisms.
19 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the microorganisms are dead.
20 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises a mixture of microorganisms, and wherein at least two microorganisms in the mixture contain therein recombinant version of different allergens.
21 . The method of claim 20 , wherein the different allergens are produced in nature by the same host organism.
22 . The method of claim 20 , wherein the different allergens are produced in nature by different host organisms.
23 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the microorganisms are encapsulated.
24 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a mammal.
25 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a human.
26 . The method of claim 1 , wherein in the step of delivering, the pharmaceutical composition is delivered in the form of a suppository.
27 . The method of claim 1 , wherein in the step of delivering, the pharmaceutical composition is delivered in the form of an enema.
28 . The method of claim 1 , wherein in the step of delivering, the pharmaceutical composition is delivered using a rectal catheter.
29 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising a step of identifying a subject susceptible to an allergic response to a protein allergen, wherein the subject is identified as an individual with an elevated level of IgE antibodies that bind with the protein allergen.
30 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising a step of identifying a subject susceptible to an allergic response to a protein allergen, wherein the subject is identified as an individual with a positive skin prick test to the protein allergen.
31 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising a step of identifying a subject susceptible to an allergic response to a protein allergen, wherein the subject is identified as an individual having a characteristic selected from the group consisting of a prior display of allergic symptoms when exposed to the protein allergen and a familial relationship with an individual who previously displayed allergic symptoms when exposed to the protein allergen.