Novel nucleic acid based steganography system and application thereof
Disclosed are nucleic acid based encryption technique and the corresponding decryption method. The encryption method comprises the steps of dividing an original nucleic acid sequence corresponding to a predefined message according to a predetermined cipher table into a plurality of fragmented nucleic acid sequences, ligating the fragmented nucleotide sequences with oligomers for sequence analysis and oligomers for sequence recognition. The corresponding decryption method comprises the steps of using the corresponding PCR primers and sequencing primers to determine the sequence information of the fragmented nucleotide sequences, combining with the information provided by oligomers for order arrangement to decode the original nucleotide sequence. This multiple encryption method can provide more security to a predefined message desired to keep confidential.
1 . A nucleic acid based encryption method comprising the steps of:
(a) transforming a predefined message into a corresponding original nucleic acid sequence according to a predetermined cipher table;
(b) dividing the original nucleic acid sequence into a plurality of fragments, and obtaining the fragmented nucleic acid sequences of each fragment;
(c) ligating at least one predetermined oligomer for sequence analysis to each of the 5′- or 3′-end of the fragmented nucleotide sequences to become first ligated products, and the oligomers for sequence analysis are applied to complementing to sequencing primers during sequence analysis of deciphering process;
(d) ligating at least one pair of predetermined oligomers for sequence recognition to each of the 5′- and 3′-end of the first ligated products from step (c) to become second ligated products, and the pairs of oligomers for sequence recognition are used to complement to PCR primers during PCR reaction of deciphering process; and
(e) locating the second ligated products from step (d) inside a media and also concealed in the media.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step (b) comprises synthesizing the fragmented nucleotide sequences.
3 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the step (b) comprises synthesizing the full length of original nucleotide sequence, and dividing the original sequence into desired fragments.
4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the oligomers for sequence analysis, which are ligated to fragmented nucleotide sequence in step (c), are the same to each other.
5 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprises ligating at least one pseudo-sequence to at least one end of the first ligated products in step (c).
6 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprises cloning the second ligated products in step (d) into nucleotide vectors.
7 . The method according to claim 6 , wherein the nucleotide vectors to clone the second ligated products are the same to each other.
8 . The method according to claim 6 , wherein the nucleotide vectors to clone the second ligated products are different from each other.
9 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprises mixing the second ligated products in step (d) with genomic DNAs.
10 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the media is selected from the groups consisting of paper, glass, plastic, nitrocellulose layer, polycarbonic ester, nylon layer and textiles.
11 . A nucleic acid based decryption system comprising the steps of:
(i) isolating nucleic acid molecules from a media in a target desired to decipher;
(ii) performing a PCR reaction with a pair of primers corresponding to a predetermined oligomer for sequence recognition, which used in enciphering process, to obtain amplified PCR products containing a fragmented nucleotide;
(iii) performing a sequence analysis with a sequencing primer corresponding to a predetermined oligomer for sequence analysis, which used in enciphering process, to determine the fragmented nucleotide sequences of the PCR products obtained from step (ii);
(iv) determining the order of each fragmented nucleotide sequences;
(v) figuring out the original nucleotide sequence according to the informations of step (iii) step (iv);
(vi) deciphering the predefined message corresponded to the original nucleotide sequence after cryptanalysis on the predetermined cipher table.
12 . The method according to claim 11 , wherein the step (iv) comprises obtaining informations for determining the order of each fragmented nucleotide sequence comprising at least one of predetermined oligomers for order arrangement.
13 . The method according to claim 12 , wherein the oligomers for order arrangement are designed according to predetermined rules derived from the original nucleotide sequence.
14 . The method according to claim 13 , wherein the oligomers for order arrangement are produced according to the steps of:
(A) obtaining a plurality of bases in the 3′-end of a former fragmented nucleotide sequence between two adjacent fragmented nucleotide sequences;
(B) obtaining a plurality of bases in the 5′-end of a latter fragmented nucleotide sequence between two adjacent fragmented nucleotide sequences;
(C) combining the bases obtained from step (A) and step (B) in order to form an oligomer for order arrangement;
(D) repeating the steps from (A) to (C), till all the oligomers for order arrangement are constructed;
wherein, the number of oligomers for order arrangement is one less than the number of fragmented nucleotide sequences, and the direction of sequence arrangement is from 5′-end to 3′-end.
15 . The method according to claim 12 , further comprises obtaining at least one predetermined base frequency digital code indicating a base displayed frequency of the original nucleic acid sequence.
16 . The method according to claim 15 , wherein the oligomers for order arrangement are nucleotide sequences omitting repeated bases in the original nucleotide sequence.
17 . The method according to claim 11 , wherein the media is selected from the group consisting of paper, glass, plastic, nitrocellulose layer, polycarbonic ester, nylon layer and textiles.