Scratch resistant coating compositions for golf equipment

1. A golf ball, wherein the golf ball has an outer surface covered by a scratch-resistant coating comprising:

at least one polysiloxane having at least one functional group,

at least one reactant having a functional group that is reactive to the at least one functional group of the at least one polysiloxane, and

a plurality of particles selected from the group consisting of inorganic, organic and composite particles,

wherein the coating shows an improvement in scratch resistance, and the at least one polysiloxane is represented by one of the following formulas:

where each R 1 is independently selected from the group consisting of H, OH, monovalent hydrocarbon group, and monovalent siloxane group;

each R 2 in the formula (I) is independently selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, thioisocyanate group, blocked polythioisocyanate group, primary amine group, secondary amine group, amide group, carbamate group, vinyl group, acrylate group, methacrylate group, maleimide group, fumarate group, sulfonium group, ammonium group, anhydride group, hydroxy alkylamide group, and epoxy group;

each R 2 in the formula (II) independently comprises the structure:

where R 3 represents a member selected from the group consisting of C 2 to C 25 alkylene group, oxyalkylene group, alkylene aryl group, alkenylene group, oxyalkenylene group, and alkenylene aryl group, and

X represents a member comprising one, two, or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, thioisocyanate group, blocked polythioisocyanate group, primary amine group, secondary amine group, amide group, carbamate group, vinyl group, acrylate group, methacrylate group, maleimide group, fumarate group, sulfonium group, ammonium group, anhydride group, hydroxy alkylamide group, epoxy group, unsaturated ester group, and onium salt group;

each R 2 in the formula (III) independently comprises the structure:

where R 3 represents a member selected from the group consisting of C 2 to C 25 alkylene group, oxyalkylene group, alkylene aryl group, alkenylene group, oxyalkenylene group, and alkenylene aryl group, and

when R 3 is an oxyalkylene group or oxyalkenylene group, X represents a member comprising one, two, or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, thioisocyanate group, blocked polythioisocyanate group, primary amine group, secondary amine group, amide group, carbamate group, vinyl group, acrylate group, methacrylate group, maleimide group, fumarate group, sulfonium group, ammonium group, anhydride group, hydroxy alkylamide group, epoxy group, unsaturated ester group, and onium salt group, and

when R 3 is an alkylene group, alkylene aryl group, alkenylene group, or alkenylene aryl group, X represents a member comprising one, two, or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of thioisocyanate group, blocked polythioisocyanate group, amide group, carbamate group, maleimide group, fumarate group, sulfonium group, ammonium group, anhydride group, hydroxy alkylamide group, and onium salt group;

m ranges from 1 to 75; m′ ranges from 0 to 75; n′ ranges from 0 to 75; and n ranges from 0 to 75;

and wherein the at least one polysiloxane has a functional group equivalent weight of from 50 mg to 1,000 mg per gram of the at least one polysiloxane.

2. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of particles further comprises at least one of inorganic, organic and composite particles having size of about 1 nm to about 200 nm.

3. The golf ball of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of particles further comprises fumed silica, amorphous silica, colloidal silica, alumina, colloidal alumina, titanium oxide, cesium oxide, yttrium oxide, colloidal yttria, zirconia, colloidal zirconia, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, vinyl esters, epoxy materials, phenolics, aminoplasts, polyurethanes, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride coated with silica, or carbonate.

4. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the at least one polysiloxane has a first functional group curable by thermal energy and a second functional group curable by ionizing or actinic radiation.

5. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein at least one R 2 in the formulas (I), (II), and (III) comprises an oxyalkylene group or an oxyalkenylene group.

6. The golf ball of claim 5 , wherein the at least one R 2 further comprises two or more reactive functional groups.

7. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein at least one R 2 in the formulas (I), (II), or (III) comprises two or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl group and carbamate group.

8. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein n+m is 2 to 9, or n′+m′ is 2 to 9.

9. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein at least one X in the formulas (I), (II), or (Ill) further comprises urethane group, urea group, or ester group.

10. The golf ball of claim 1 , wherein the coating is applied in an amount of 0.01 g to 1 g.

11. A golf ball, wherein the golf ball has an outer surface covered by a scratch-resistant coating comprising:

at least one polysiloxane having at least one functional group,

at least one reactant having a functional group that is reactive to the at least one functional group of the at least one polysiloxane, wherein the at least one reactant is a hydroxyl functional group-containing allyl ether, and

a plurality of particles selected from the group consisting of inorganic, organic and composite particles,

wherein the coating shows an improvement in scratch resistance, and the at least one polysiloxane is represented by one of the following formulas:

where m ranges from 1 to 75: m′ ranges from 0 to 75: n ranges from 0 to 75: and n′ ranges from 0 to 75:

each R 1 is independently selected from the group consisting of H, OH, monovalent hydrocarbon group, and monovalent siloxane group;

each R 2 in the formula (I) is independently selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, thioisocyanate group, blocked polythioisocyanate group, primary amine group, secondary amine group, amide group, carbamate group, vinyl group, acrylate group, methacrylate group, maleimide group, fumarate group, sulfonium group, ammonium group, anhydride group, hydroxy alkylamide group, and epoxy group;

each R 2 in the formula (II) independently comprises the structure:

where R 3 represents a member selected from the group consisting of C 2 to C 25 alkylene group, oxyalkylene group, alkylene aryl group, alkenylene group, oxyalkenylene group, and alkenylene aryl group, and

X represents a member comprising one, two, or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, thioisocyanate group, blocked polythioisocyanate group, primary amine group, secondary amine group, amide group, carbamate group, vinyl group, acrylate group, methacrylate group, maleimide group, fumarate group, sulfonium group, ammonium group, anhydride group, hydroxy alkylamide group, epoxy group, unsaturated ester group, and onium salt group;

each R 2 in the formula (III) independently comprises the structure:

where R 3 represents a member selected from the group consisting of C 2 to C 25 alkylene group, oxyalkylene group, alkylene aryl group, alkenylene group, oxyalkenylene group, and alkenylene aryl group, and

when R 3 is an oxyalkylene group or oxyalkenylene group, X represents a member comprising one, two, or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, thioisocyanate group, blocked polythioisocyanate group, primary amine group, secondary amine group, amide group, carbamate group, vinyl group, acrylate group, methacrylate group, maleimide group, fumarate group, sulfonium group, ammonium group, anhydride group, hydroxy alkylamide group, epoxy group, unsaturated ester group, and onium salt group, and

when R 3 is an alkylene group, alkylene aryl group, alkenylene group, or alkenylene aryl group, X represents a member comprising one, two, or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of thioisocyanate group, blocked polythioisocyanate group, amide group, carbamate group, maleimide group, fumarate group, sulfonium group, ammonium group, anhydride group, hydroxy alkylamide group, and onium salt group.

12. A golf ball, wherein the golf ball has an outer surface covered by a scratch-resistant coating comprising:

at least one polysiloxane having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of thioisocyanate group, blocked polythioisocyanate group, amide group, carbamate group, maleimide group, fumarate group, onium salt group, anhydride group, and hydroxy alkylamide group;

at least one reactant having a functional group that is reactive to the at least one functional group of the at least one polysiloxane, and

a plurality of particles selected from the group consisting of inorganic, organic and composite particles,

wherein the coating shows an improvement in scratch resistance.