Gas turbine and associated cooling method
View Patent ↗A gas turbine ( 1 ), in particular in a power plant, has at least one combustion chamber ( 2 ) and an enclosed inner liner ( 3 ) which surrounds the combustion chamber ( 2 ) and an enclosed outer liner ( 4 ), having a stator ( 5 ) which has at least one vane row ( 6 ) with a plurality of vanes ( 7 ), a rotor ( 8 ) which has at least one blade row ( 9 ) with a plurality of blades ( 10 ), an air cooling arrangement ( 31 ) which is designed for cooling parts of the gas turbine ( 1 ) with air (L), and a steam cooling arrangement ( 32 ) which is designed for cooling parts of the gas turbine ( 1 ) with steam (D).
1. A gas turbine comprising:
at least one combustion chamber, an enclosed inner liner which surrounds the combustion chamber, and an enclosed outer liner;
a stator having at least one vane row with a plurality of vanes;
a rotor having at least one blade row with a plurality of blades;
an air cooling arrangement configured and arranged to cool parts of the gas turbine with air; and
a steam cooling arrangement configured and arranged to cool parts of the gas turbine by steam, simultaneously with said air cooling arrangement;
wherein the vanes comprise hub-side cover elements, and the steam cooling arrangement is configured and arranged at least for cooling the enclosed inner liner, the enclosed outer liner, the vanes, the hub-side cover elements of the vanes, or combinations thereof;
further comprising a steam guide configured and arranged at the downstream end of said enclosed inner liner so that a steam film is produced downstream of the vane row, along a rotor lateral surface;
or both.
2. The gas turbine as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
heat accumulation elements arranged downstream of the vane row; and
wherein the air cooling arrangement is configured and arranged at least for cooling the blades, the heat accumulation elements, or both.
3. The gas turbine as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the steam cooling arrangement is configured and arranged for cooling the vanes in a leading region, and the air cooling arrangement is designed for cooling the vanes in a trailing region.
4. The gas turbine as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
means for carrying out sequential combustion;
a high-pressure combustion chamber with an enclosed inner liner which surrounds the high-pressure combustion chamber, and an enclosed outer liner;
at least one high-pressure vane row having a plurality of high-pressure vanes; and
at least one high-pressure blade row having a plurality of high-pressure blades.
5. The gas turbine as claimed in claim 4 :
wherein the high-pressure vanes comprise hub-side cover elements, and the steam cooling arrangement is configured and arranged at least for cooling the high-pressure vanes, the hub-side cover elements of the high-pressure vanes, the high-pressure blades, or combinations thereof;
further comprising a steam guide configured and arranged so that a steam film is produced downstream of the high-pressure vane row along a rotor lateral surface;
or both.
6. The gas turbine as claimed in claim 4 , further comprising:
heat accumulation elements arranged downstream of the high-pressure vane row; and
wherein the air cooling arrangement is configured and arranged at least for cooling the enclosed inner liner of the high-pressure combustion chamber, the enclosed outer liner of the high-pressure combustion chamber, the trailing edge of the high-pressure vanes, the heat accumulation elements arranged downstream of the high-pressure vane row, or combinations thereof.
7. The gas turbine as claimed in claim 4 , further comprising:
a high-pressure compressor; and
wherein the steam cooling arrangement is configured and arranged at least for partly cooling the high-pressure compressor.
8. The gas turbine as claimed in claim 4 , further comprising:
a steam turbine including a heat recovery boiler, the steam turbine being coupled to the gas turbine; and
wherein the steam cooling arrangement is connected to the heat recovery boiler, for the extraction of steam.
9. A method of cooling a gas turbine, the gas turbine including:
a combustion chamber having an enclosed inner liner which surrounds the combustion chamber, and an enclosed outer liner,
a stator which has at least one vane row with a plurality of vanes, and
a rotor which has at least one blade row with a plurality of blades,
wherein the vanes comprise hub-side cover elements, and the steam cooling arrangement is configured and arranged at least for cooling the enclosed inner liner, the enclosed outer liner, the vanes, the hub-side cover elements of the vanes, or combinations thereof,
further comprising a steam guide configured and arranged at the downstream end of said enclosed inner liner so that a steam film is produced downstream of the vane row, along a rotor lateral surface;
or both,
the method comprising: cooling parts of the gas turbine with air with an air cooling arrangement; and simultaneously cooling other parts of the gas turbine with steam with a steam cooling arrangement.
10. A power plant comprising a gas turbine as claimed in claim 1 .
11. The method as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the gas turbine is in a power plant.