Wide wale papermaking fabrics
View Patent ↗Highly textured tissue sheets, particularly suitable for use as bath tissue, are produced by throughdrying and have a low number and/or low amount of pinholes. The low number or amount of pinholes is provided by using a throughdrying fabric having parallel wide ridges with a height suited to the particular tissue sheet being produced.
1. A woven papermaking fabric having a textured sheet contacting surface comprising substantially continuous machine-direction ridges separated by valleys, said ridges being formed of multiple warp strands grouped together, wherein the height of the ridges is from 0.5 to about 3.5 millimeter, the width of the ridges is about 0.3 centimeter or greater, and the frequency of occurrence of the ridges in the cross-machine direction of the fabric is from about 0.2 to about 3 per centimeter.
2. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the height of the ridges is from about 0.6 to about 2.0 millimeters.
3. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the height of the ridges is from about 1.0 to about 2.0 millimeters.
4. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the height of the ridges is from about 1.0 to about 1.5 millimeters.
5. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the height of the ridges is from about 0.75 to about 1.0 millimeter.
6. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the width of the ridges is from about 0.3 to about 3.8 centimeters.
7. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the width of the ridges is from about 0.3 to about 2.0 centimeters.
8. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the width of the ridges is from about 0.3 to about 1.5 centimeters.
9. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the width of the ridges is from about 0.3 to about 1.0 centimeter.
10. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the width of the ridges is from about 0.3 to about 0.5 centimeter.
11. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the frequency of occurrence of the ridges in the cross-machine direction of the fabric is from about 0.2 to about 2 per centimeter.
12. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the frequency of occurrence of the ridges in the cross-machine direction of the fabric is from about 1.8 to about 2.3 per centimeter.
13. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the height of the ridges is from about 0.6 to about 2.0 millimeters and the width of the ridges is from about 0.3 to about 3.8 centimeter.
14. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the height of the ridges is from about 1.0 to about 2.0 millimeters and the width of the ridges is from about 0.3 to about 2.0 centimeters.
15. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the height of the ridges is from about 1.0 to about 1.5 millimeters and the width of the ridges is from about 0.3 to about 1.5 centimeters.
16. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the ridges comprise multiple individual warp strands substantially oriented in the machine direction and wherein the ridges are wider than the individual warp strands.
17. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the ridges comprise multiple individual warp strands substantially oriented in the machine direction and wherein the ridges are higher than the individual warp strands.
18. The fabric of claim 17 wherein each individual warp strand participates in both the structure of ridges and the structure of valleys.
19. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the ridges comprise multiple individual warp strands substantially oriented in the machine direction and wherein the ridges are wider and higher than the individual warp strands.
20. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the ridges comprise multiple individual warp strands substantially oriented in the machine direction and wherein each individual warp strand participates in both the structure of ridges and the structure of valleys.
21. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the ridges comprise multiple individual warp strands substantially oriented in the machine direction and wherein at least one warp strand participates exclusively in the structure of a ridge.
22. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the ridges comprise multiple individual warp strands substantially oriented in the machine direction and wherein at least one warp strand participates exclusively in the structure of a valley.
23. The fabric of claim 1 wherein the ridges comprise multiple individual warp strands substantially oriented in the machine direction, wherein no individual warn strand both participates in the structure of a ridge and participates in the structure of a valley.