Flame retardant spiral crimp polyester staple fiber
Bi-component spiral crimped flame retardant fibers, and methods of manufacture thereof, are provided with side-by-side ( 10, 12 ) and core-sheath ( 14 ) arrangements of extruded PET materials having differing intrinsic viscosities. This difference leads to differential shrinkage and crimping through heating during manufacture of the fiber arrangement. Only one of the components exhibits flame-retardant qualities, the qualities imparted by flame-retardant additives ( 20 ) or polymers. Other embodiments include anti-microbial additives ( 22 ) interspersed in at least one of the extrusions.
1 . A spiral crimped flame retardant fiber, comprising:
a side by side bi-component fiber arrangement including
a first fiber of PET having an intrinsic viscosity of from about 0.50 to about 0.80, and
a second fiber of PET having an intrinsic viscosity of from about 0.50 to about 0.80, the first fiber having a higher intrinsic viscosity than the second fiber, said fibers thereby having a differential shrinkage and having been crimped by using heat during manufacture of the fiber arrangement;
only one of said fibers having been provided with flame retardant qualities.
2 . A fiber as defined in claim 1 , wherein at least one of said fibers is provided with anti-microbial properties.
3 . A fiber as defined in claim 1 , wherein the flame retardant quality is provided by a flame retardant additive.
4 . A fiber as defined in claim 3 , wherein the additive is phosphorus.
5 . A fiber as defined in claim 1 , wherein the flame retardant quality is provided by a flame retardant polymer.
6 . A fiber as defined in claim 1 , wherein the fiber with flamed retardant characteristics has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.62 and the other fiber has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.70.
7 . A spiral crimped flame retardant fiber, comprising:
a side by side bi-component fiber arrangement including
a first fiber of PET having a predetermined shrinkage characteristic, and
a second fiber of PET having a different predetermined shrinkage characteristic, said fibers having been crimped by using heat during manufacture of the fiber arrangement;
only one of said fibers having been provided with flame retardant qualities.
8 . A fiber as defined in claim 7 , wherein at least one of the fibers is provided with anti-microbial properties.
9 . A fiber as defined in claim 7 , wherein the flame retardant quality is provided by a flame retardant additive.
10 . A fiber as defined in claim 9 , wherein the additive is phosphorus.
11 . A fiber as defined in claim 1 , wherein the flame retardant quality is provided by a flame retardant polymer.
12 . A fiber as defined in claim 1 , wherein the fiber with flame retardant characteristics has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.62 and the other fiber has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.70.
13 . A fiber as defined in claim 7 , wherein both fibers have intrinsic viscosities of 0.50 to 0.80.
14 . A method for making a spiral crimped flame retardant fiber, comprising the steps of:
provided a first fiber of PET having an intrinsic viscosity of from about 0.50 to about 0.80;
providing a second fiber of PET having an intrinsic viscosity of from about 0.50 to about 0.80, the first fiber having a higher intrinsic viscosity than the second fiber, said fibers thereby having a differential shrinkage;
extruding said fibers in a side by side configuration to provide a spiral crimp thereto; and
providing only one of said fibers with flame retardant qualities.
15 . A method as defined in claim 14 , wherein the flame retardant quality is provided by a flame retardant additive.
16 . A method as defined in claim 14 wherein the flame retardant quality is provided by a flame retardant polymer.
17 . A method for making a spiral crimped flame retardant fiber comprising the steps of:
providing a first fiber of PET having a predetermined shrinkage characteristic;
providing a second fiber of PET having a different predetermined shrinkage characteristic;
extruding said fibers in a side by side configuration to provide a spiral crimp thereto; and
providing only one of said fibers with flame retardant qualities.
18 . A spiral crimped flame retardant fiber, comprising:
a core/sheath bi-component fiber arrangement including
a sheath component of PET having an intrinsic viscosity of from about 0.50 to about 0.80, and
a core component of PET having an intrinsic viscosity of from about 0.50 to about 0.80, the sheath component having a higher intrinsic viscosity than the core component, said components thereby having a differential shrinkage and having been crimped by using heat during manufacture of the fiber arrangement;
only one of said components having been provided with flame retardant qualities.
19 . A fiber as defined in claim 18 , wherein at least one of said components is provided with anti-microbial properties.
20 . A fiber as defined in claim 18 , wherein the flame retardant quality is provided by a flame retardant additive.
21 . A fiber as defined in claim 20 , wherein the additive is phosphorus.
22 . A fiber as defined in claim 18 , wherein the flame retardant quality is provided by a flame retardant polymer.
23 . A fiber as defined in claim 18 , wherein the component with flamed retardant characteristics has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.62 and the other of the components has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.70.
24 . A spiral crimped flame retardant fiber, comprising:
a core/sheath bi-component fiber arrangement including
a sheath component of PET having a predetermined shrinkage characteristic, and
a core component of PET having a different predetermined shrinkage characteristic, said components having been crimped by using heat during manufacture of the fiber arrangement;
only one of said components having been provided with flame retardant qualities.
25 . A fiber as defined in claim 24 , wherein at least one of the components is provided with anti-microbial properties.
26 . A fiber as defined in claim 24 , wherein the flame retardant quality is provided by a flame retardant additive.
27 . A fiber as defined in claim 26 , wherein the additive is phosphorus.
28 . A fiber as defined in claim 24 , wherein the flame retardant quality is provided by a flame retardant polymer.
29 . A fiber as defined in claim 24 , wherein the component with flame retardant characteristics has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.62 and the other of the components has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.70.
30 . A fiber as defined in claim 24 , wherein both components have intrinsic viscosities of 0.50 to 0.80.
31 . A method for making a spiral crimped flame retardant fiber, comprising the steps of:
provided a first PET material having an intrinsic viscosity of from about 0.50 to about 0.80;
providing a second PET material having an intrinsic viscosity of from about 0.50 to about 0.80, the first PET material having a higher intrinsic viscosity than the second PET material, said first and second materials thereby having a differential shrinkage;
extruding said first and second PET materials in a sheath/core configuration to provide a spiral crimp thereto; and
providing only one of said PET materials with flame retardant qualities.
32 . A method as defined in claim 31 , wherein the flame retardant quality is provided by a flame retardant additive.
33 . A method as defined in claim 31 , wherein the flame retardant quality is provided by a flame retardant polymer.
34 . A method for making a spiral crimped flame retardant fiber comprising the steps of:
providing a first PET material having a predetermined shrinkage characteristic;
providing a second PET material having a different predetermined shrinkage characteristic;
extruding said first and said second PET materials in a sheath/core configuration to provide a spiral crimp thereto; and
providing only one of said PET materials with flame retardant qualities.