High temperature stabilization of UV systems
A composition comprising one or more radiation curable monomers and/or oligomers and one or heat stable composition comprising at least one radiation-curable alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated compound, at least one phenolic stabilizer, and at least one non-phenolic stabilizer selected from the group consisting of hydroperoxide decomposers and free radical traps. The compositions and methods are useful in applications such as radiation curable ink jet systems where viscosity is reduced by heating.
1. A heat stable radiation curable ink jet composition consisting of at least one radiation-curable alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated compound and a stabilizer system comprising at least one phenolic stabilizer and at least one non-phenolic stabilizer selected from the group consisting of hydroperoxide decomposers and free radical traps, pigment, photoinitiator, at least one additive selected from dispersant, flow, and wetting agent, the ink jet composition having a viscosity of about 5-18 cps at application temperature.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the radiation-curable compound is an acrylate or methacrylate.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the non-phenolic stabilizer comprises a hydroperoxide decomposer which is a trivalent organophosphorus compound.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the non-phenolic stabilizer comprises a hydroperoxide decomposer which is a trivalent phosphite or a phosphonite.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the non-phenolic stabilizer comprises a free radical trap which is a lactone or a hydroxylamine.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the stabilizer system comprises a hydroperoxide decomposer selected from the group consisting of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) pentaerythritoldiphosphite; bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite; bis(2,4-dicumylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite; terakis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) 4,4′-biphenylene-diphosphonite; and 2,2′-methylenebis(4,6-di-tert-butyl-phenyl)octyl-phosphite.
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the stabilizer system comprises a phenolic selected from the group consisting of monophenols; di-phenols; tri-phenols; and tetra-phenols.
8. The composition of claim 1 wherein the stabilizer comprises octadecyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate.
9. The composition of claim 5 wherein the stabilizer system comprises a benzofuran-2-one.
10. The composition of claim 8 wherein the stabilizer system comprises 2(3H)-benzofuranone.
11. The composition of claim 1 wherein the non-phenolic stabilizer comprises a lactone and a phosphite.
12. The composition of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of stabilizer system to monomer and/or oligomer is about 0.0001/100 to 10/90.
13. The composition of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of stabilizer system to monomer and/or oligomer is about 0.5/100 to about 5/95.
14. The composition of claim 1 having polymerization stability at 60° C. for at least 30 days.
15. The composition of claim 1 having polymerization stability at 100° C. for at least 30 days.
16. The composition of claim 1 wherein the radiation curable compound is selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylate esters of branched and straight chain aliphatic alcohols.
17. The composition of claim 1 wherein the radiation-curable compound selected from the group consisting of acrylate or methacrylate esters of iso-octanol, n-octanol, 2-ethylhexanol, iso-decanol, n-decanol, lauryl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, 2-phenoxy ethanol, isoborneol; aliphatic diols selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3 propane diol, 1,3 butane diol, 1,4 butane diol, 1,6 hexanediol, nonanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, tricyclodecanedimethanol, neopentyl glycol; triols selected from the group consisting of trimethylol propane, tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, pentaerythritol, di-trimethylol propane, di-pentaerythritol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, polypropylene glycols, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycols, mixed ethylene/propylene glycols, and alkoxylated bis-phenol A derivatives and alkoxylated derivatives thereof.
18. The composition of claim 1 wherein the radiation curable compound is selected from the group consisting of (A) epoxy (meth)acrylates of bis-phenol A diglycidyl ether; 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether; or phenoxy glycidyl ether; (B) urethane (meth)acrylates which are the reaction product of an isocyanate selected from the group consisting of toluene diisocyanate, methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, hydrogenated methylene diphenyldiisocyante, isophorone diisocyanate, and hexamethylene diisocyanate with a polyester, polyether or polycarbonate polyol and a hydroxy(meth)acrylate; (C) polyester acrylates derived from di- or poly-hydroxy compounds, di- or poly-carboxylic acid functional compounds, or organic anhydrides.
19. The composition of claim 1 having a viscosity at 100° C. of about 5-18 cps.
20. A method of printing comprising heating a composition according to claim 1 in an ink jet print head so as to reduce the viscosity of the composition to about 5-18 cps, applying the composition to a substrate, and radiation curing the composition on the substrate.