External counter pulsation treatment
A method for treating patients suffering from left ventricular dysfunction, exhibited by a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than normal, is disclosed. The method involves applying, during diastole, for a time period of about one hour, about five days each week for at least about seven weeks, an incrementally increasing therapeutic pressure to the patients' lower extremities, from the calves through the thighs and the buttocks. The hourly treatments are carried out at incrementally increasing peak diastolic/systolic pressure ratios (D/S Ratios) in the range of about 0.4:1 up to about 0.6:1 and thereafter at a D/S Ratio in the range of 0.5:1 to 1:1 for each consecutive hourly treatment, with the proviso that the average D/S Ratio over the entire treatment regimen does not exceed about 0.9:1.
1. A method for treating a patient exhibiting left ventricular dysfunction and having a left ventricular ejection fraction of no more than about 40 percent of left ventricle volume, but at least 15 percent of left ventricle volume, which comprises applying, during diastole, for a time period of about one hour, about five days each week for at least about seven weeks, an incrementally increasing external therapeutic pressure using a plurality of cuffs, sequentially to the lower extremities of the patient, beginning with a first hourly treatment at a D/S Ratio in the range of about 0.4:1 up to about 0.6:1 and thereafter at a D/S Ratio in the range of about 0.5:1 to about 1:1 for each consecutive hourly treatment, with the proviso that the average D/S Ratio over the entire treatment does not exceed about 0.9:1.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the left ventricular ejection fraction is in the range of 15 percent to about 20 percent of left ventricular volume, and during diastole, for a time period of about one hour, about five days each week for about seven weeks, an incrementally increasing external therapeutic pressure is applied, sequentially to lower extremities of the patient, in the following sequence:
at a therapeutic pressure of about 90 up to 120 mmHg to produce a D/S Ratio of about 0.4:1 for the initial one-hour treatment;
at an increased therapeutic pressure of about 120 mmHg up to 150 mmHg to effect a D/S Ratio of about 0.5:1 for the next four one-hour treatments;
at an increased therapeutic pressure sufficient to maintain a D/S Ratio of about 0.7:1 for the next fifteen, one-hour treatments; and thereafter
at an increased therapeutic pressure sufficient to maintain a D/S Ratio of about 0.8:1 for at least an additional fifteen one-hour treatments.
3. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the left ventricular ejection fraction is in the range of about 20 percent to about 30 percent of left ventricular volume, and during diastole, for a time period of about one hour, about five days each week for about seven weeks, an incrementally increasing external therapeutic pressure is applied, sequentially to lower extremities of the patient, in the following sequence:
at a therapeutic pressure of about 90 up to 120 mmHg to produce a D/S Ratio of about 0.5:1 for the initial one-hour treatment;
at an increased therapeutic pressure of about 120 up 150 mmHg to effect a D/S Ratio of about 0.6:1 for the next four one-hour treatments;
at an increased therapeutic pressure sufficient to maintain a D/S Ratio of about 0.7:1 for the next fifteen one-hour treatments; and thereafter
at an increased therapeutic pressure sufficient to maintain a D/S Ratio of about 0.8:1 for at least an additional fifteen one-hour treatments.
4. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the left ventricular ejection fraction is in the range of about 30 percent to about 40 percent of left ventricular volume, and during diastole, for a time period of about one hour, about five days each week for about seven weeks, an incrementally increasing external therapeutic pressure is applied, sequentially to lower extremities of the patient, in the following sequence:
at a therapeutic pressure of about 90 up to 120 mmHg to effect a D/S Ratio of about 0.6:1 for the initial one-hour treatment;
at an increased therapeutic pressure of about 120 up to 150 mmHg to produce a D/S Ratio of about 0.7:1 for the next four one-hour treatments;
at an increased therapeutic pressure sufficient to maintain a D/S Ratio of about 0.8:1 for the next fifteen one-hour treatments; and thereafter
at an increased therapeutic pressure sufficient to maintain a D/S Ratio of about 0.9:1 for at least an additional fifteen one-hour treatments.
5. The method in accordance with claim 1 for treating congestive heart failure.
6. The method in accordance with claim 1 for treating cardiomyopathy.
7. The method in accordance with claim 1 for treating post-heart transplant cardiac dysfunction.
8. The method in accordance with claim 1 for treating post-cardiac arrest cardiac dysfunction.
9. The method in accordance with claim 1 for treating heart trauma.
10. The method in accordance with claim 1 for treating a heart infection.
11. The method in accordance with claim 1 for treating post-acute myocardial infarction cardiac dysfunction.
12. The method in accordance with claim 1 for treating heart transplant candidates waiting for a biocompatible donor heart.
13. The method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the increased external therapeutic pressure is applied sequentially first to the calves, next to the thighs and then to the buttocks of the patient.