Antioxidant combination for oxidation and deposit control in lubricants containing molybdenum and alkylated phenothiazine
The invention relates to a lubricating oil composition having improved antioxidant properties, and which contains a molybdenum compound and an alkylated phenothiazine. Further, it may also include a secondary diarylamine, preferably an alkylated diphenylamine. This combination of additives provides improved oxidation control and friction modifier performance to the lubricating oil. The composition is particularly suited for use as a crankcase lubricant, or a transmission lubricant, including low levels and zero levels of phosphorus.
1 . A lubricating composition comprising a major amount of lubricating oil, and a minor amount of an oil soluble secondary diarylamine, an oil soluble molybdenum compound provided that said oil soluble molybdenum compound is not a tri-nuclear molybdenum compound, and an oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine.
2 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 1 , wherein the diarylamine comprises an alkylated diphenylamine.
3 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 2 , wherein the alkylated diphenylamine has a concentration of about 0.1 to 2.5 wt. % in the lubricating composition.
4 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 3 , wherein the alkylated diphenylamine has a concentration of about 0.2 to 10.5 wt. % in the lubricating composition.
5 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 1 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound further comprises sulfur.
6 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 1 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to 1000 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.
7 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 6 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to 200 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.
8 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 1 , wherein the oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine has a concentration of about 0.05 to 1.5 wt % in the lubricating composition.
9 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 8 , wherein the oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine has a concentration of about 0.1 to 1.0 wt. % in the lubricating composition.
10 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the alkyl groups of the alkylated phenothiazine comprises from four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.
11 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 1 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine is disubstituted, with each substituted alkyl group comprising from four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.
12 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 11 , wherein each substituted alkyl group on the alkylated phenothiazine comprises four to, but including, eight carbon atoms.
13 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 1 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dioctylphenothiazine.
14 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 1 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monooctylphenothiazine.
15 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 1 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dinonylphenothiazine.
16 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 1 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monononylphenothiazine.
17 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 1 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises mono C 14 alkylphenothiazine.
18 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 1 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises di C 14 alkylphenothiazine.
19 . A lubricating composition comprising a major amount of lubricating oil, an oil soluble molybdenum compound provided that said oil soluble molybdenum compound is not a tri-nuclear molybdenum compound, and an oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine.
20 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 19 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound further comprises sulfur.
21 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 19 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to about 1000 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.
22 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 21 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to about 200 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.
23 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 19 , wherein the oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine has a concentration of about 0.05 to 1.5 wt. % in the lubricating composition.
24 . A lubricating composition as described in claim 23 , wherein the oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine has a concentration of about 0.1 to 1.0 wt. % in the lubricating composition.
25 . A lubricating composition as described in claim 19 , wherein at least one of the alkyl groups of the alkylated phenothiazine comprises from four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.
26 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 19 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine is disubstituted, with each substituted alkyl group comprising from about four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.
27 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 19 , wherein each substituted alkyl group has four to, but including, eight carbon atoms.
28 . A lubricating composition as described in claim 19 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dioctylphenothiazine.
29 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 19 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monooctylphenothiazine.
30 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 19 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dinonylphenothiazine.
31 . The lubricating composition as, described in claim 19 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monononylphenothiazine.
32 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 19 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises mono C 14 alkylphenothiazine.
33 . The lubricating composition as described in claim 19 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises di C 14 alkylphenothiazine.
34 . A lubricating composition additive comprising an oil soluble secondary diarylamine, an oil soluble molybdenum compound provided that said oil soluble molybdenum compound is not a tri-nuclear molybdenum compound, and an oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine.
35 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 34 , wherein the diarylamine is an alkylated diphenylamine.
36 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 34 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound further comprises sulfur.
37 . A lubricating composition additive as described in claim 34 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to 1000 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.
38 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 34 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to 200 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.
39 . A lubricating composition additive as described in claim 34 , wherein at least one of the alkyl groups of the alkylated phenothiazine comprises from four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.
40 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 34 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine is disubstituted, with each substituted alkyl group comprising from about four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.
41 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 40 , wherein each substituted alkyl group comprises four to, but including, eight carbon atoms.
42 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 34 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dioctylphenothiazine.
43 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 34 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monooctylphenothiazine.
44 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 34 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dinonylphenothiazine.
45 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 34 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monononylphenothiazine.
46 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 34 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises mono C 14 alkylphenothiazine.
47 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 34 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises di C 14 alkylphenothiazine.
48 . A lubricating composition additive comprising an oil soluble molybdenum compound provided that said oil soluble molybdenum compound is not a tri-nuclear molybdenum compound and an oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine.
49 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 48 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound further comprises sulfur.
50 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 48 , wherein at least one of the alkyl groups of the alkylated phenothiazine comprises from four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.
51 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 48 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine is disubstituted, with each substituted alkyl group comprising from about four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.
52 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 51 , wherein each substituted alkyl group comprises four to, but including, eight carbon atoms.
53 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 48 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dioctylphenothiazine.
54 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 48 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monoctylphenothiazine.
55 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 48 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dinonylphenothiazine.
56 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 48 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monononylphenothiazine.
57 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 48 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises mono C 14 alkylphenothiazine.
58 . The lubricating composition additive as described in claim 48 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises di C 14 alkylphenothiazine.
59 . A method for improving the antioxidancy and/or anti-wear properties of a lubricating composition comprising including in the lubricating composition an oil soluble molybdenum compound provided that said oil soluble molybdenum compound is not a tri-nuclear molybdenum compound and an oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine.
60 . The method as described in claim 59 , further comprising including in the lubricating composition an oil soluble secondary diarylamine.
61 . The method as described in claim 60 , wherein the diarylamine is an alkylated diphenylamine.
62 . The method as described in claim 60 , wherein the secondary diarylamine has a concentration of about 0.1 to 2.5 wt. % in the lubricating composition.
63 . The method as described in claim 60 , wherein the secondary diarylamine has a concentration of about 0.2 to 1.5 wt. % in the lubricating composition.
64 . The method as described in claim 59 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound further comprises sulfur.
65 . The method as described in claim 59 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to about 1000 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.
66 . The method as described in claim 65 , wherein the oil soluble molybdenum compound has a concentration sufficient to provide about 20 to 200 ppm of molybdenum in the lubricating composition.
67 . The method as described in claim 59 , wherein the oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine has a concentration of about 0.05 to 1.5 wt. % in the lubricating composition.
68 . The method as described in claim 67 , wherein the oil soluble alkylated phenothiazine has a concentration of about 0.1 to 1.0 wt. % in the lubricating composition.
69 . The method as described in claim 59 , wherein at least one of the alkyl groups of the alkylated phenothiazine comprises from four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.
70 . The method as described in claim 59 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine is disubstituted, with each substituted alkyl group comprising from about four to about twenty-four carbon atoms.
71 . The method as described in claim 70 , wherein each substituted alkyl group has four to but including eight carbon atoms.
72 . The method as described in claim 59 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dioctylphenothiazine.
73 . The method as described in claim 59 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monooctylphenothiazine.
74 . The method as described in claim 59 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises dinonylphenothiazine.
75 . The method as described in claim 59 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises monononylphenothiazine.
76 . The method as described in claim 59 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises mono C 14 alkylphenothiazine.
77 . The method as described in claim 59 , wherein the alkylated phenothiazine comprises di C 14 alkylphenothiazine.
78 . The method as described in claim 59 , further comprising including in the lubricating composition an oil soluble alkylated diphenylamine, an oil soluble phosphorus compound, and an oil soluble hindered phenolic derived from 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol.
79 . The method as described in claim 59 , further comprising including in the lubricating composition an oil-soluble alkylated diphenylamine, an oil soluble phosphorus, and an oil soluble calcium-containing detergent.
80 . A method for lubricating an engine, comprising lubricating said engine with a lubricating composition of claim 1 .
81 . A method for lubricating an engine, comprising lubricating said engine with a lubricating composition of claim 19 .
82 . A method for lubricating an engine, comprising lubricating said engine with a lubricant containing the lubricant composition additive of claim 34 .
83 . A method for lubricating an engine, comprising lubricating said engine with a lubricant containing the lubricant composition additive of claim 48 .
84 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises zero phosphorus.
85 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises essentially zero phosphorus.
86 . The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition comprises zero phosphorus.
87 . The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition comprises essentially zero phosphorus.
88 . The composition of claim 34 , wherein the composition comprises zero phosphorus.
89 . The composition of claim 34 , wherein the composition comprises essentially zero phosphorus.