Methods for introducing mannose-6-phosphate and other oligosaccharides onto glycoproteins and its application thereof
Methods to introduce highly phosphorylated mannopyranosyl oligosaccharide derivatives containing mannose-6-phosphate (M6P), or other oligosaccharides bearing other terminal hexoses, to carbonyl groups on oxidized glycans of glycoproteins while retaining their biological activity are described. The methods are useful for modifying glycoproteins, including those produced by recombinant protein expression systems, to increase uptake by cell surface receptor-mediated mechanisms, thus improving their therapeutic efficacy in a variety of applications.
1. A method of treating Pompe disease, said method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of modified acid α-glucosidase prepared by:
(a) derivatizing an oligosaccharide comprising a phosphorylated mannose with a compound containing a carbonyl-reactive group;
(b) oxidizing an acid α-glucosidase having at least one oligosaccharide to generate at least one carbonyl group on the at least one oligosaccharide of the acid α-glucosidase; and
(c) reacting the derivatized oligosaccharide with the oxidized oligosaccharide of the acid α-glucosidase,
thereby coupling the oligosaccharide to the acid α-glucosidase,
wherein the modified acid α-glucosidase has more than about 0.9 moles of phosphorylated mannose per mole of acid α-glucosidase.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a mammal.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a human.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid α-glucosidase is isolated from a natural source.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid α-glucosidase is produced recombinantly.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid α-glucosidase comprises recombinant human acid α-glucosidase.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the derivatized oligosaccharide comprises a synthetic oligosaccharide.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the synthetic oligosaccharide comprises bis-M6P oligomannose.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the bis-M6P oligomannose is linked to the acid α-glucosidase by a hydrazone bond.
10. A modified acid α-glucosidase composition comprising an acid α-glucosidase and a bis-M6P oligomannose, wherein the acid α-glucosidase and the bis-M6P oligomannose are linked by a hydrazone bond.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the phosphorylated mannose is a terminal mannose.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the phosphorylated mannose is a penultimate mannose.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the phosphorylated mannose is M6P.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the oligosaccharide comprises two or more M6P groups.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing step is carried out with periodate or galactose oxidase.
16. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the oligosaccharide is chosen from a biantennary mannopyranosyl oligosaccharide and a triantennary mannopyranosyl oligosaccharide.
17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the biantennary mannopyranosyl oligosaccharide comprises bis-M6P.
18. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the triantennary mannopyrannosyl oligosaccharide comprises bis-M6P or tri-M6P.
19. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the oligosaccharide comprises:
wherein M is mannose or a mannopyranosyl group.
20. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the derivatized oligosaccharide has a formula chosen from 6-P—M n —R and (6P—M x ) m L n —R,
wherein M is mannose or a mannopyranosyl group,
P is a phosphate group linked to the 0-6 position of M,
L is a hexose,
R is a compound containing at least one carbonyl-reactive group,
m is an integer ranging from 2 to 3,
n is an integer ranging from 1 to 15, wherein if n>1, the L n are linked to one another by alpha (1,2), alpha (1,3), alpha (1,4), or alpha (1, 6), and
x is an integer ranging from 1 to 15.
21. The method according to claim 20 , wherein at least one L is mannose.
22. The method according to claim 20 , wherein at least one L is chosen from galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, and fucose.
23. The method according to claim 1 or claim 20 , wherein the compound containing at least one carbonyl-reactive group is chosen from a hydrazine, a hydrazide, an aminooxy, and a semicarbazide.
24. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of adding a reducing agent to the coupled acid α-glucosidase.
25. The method according to claim 24 , wherein the reducing agent comprises cyanoborohydride.
26. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the oligosaccharide comprises:
wherein M is mannose or a mannopyranosyl group.