Standing wave particle beam accelerator
View Patent ↗A method for generating an electron beam includes prescribing a location, and generating an envelope of electrons, the envelope having a waist, wherein the generating is performed such that the waist of the envelope is at or adjacent to the prescribed location. A device for generating an electron beam includes a gun source for generating electrons, and a plurality of electromagnetic cavities coupled in series to form a body, the electromagnetic cavities configured to accelerate at least some of the electrons to create a beam of electrons at an energy level having a value between 5 MeV and 20 MeV, the beam of electrons having a cross sectional dimension that is 0.02 λ (or 2 mm) or less.
1. A method for generating an electron beam, comprising:
providing an electron source, a channel, and an electromagnetic cavity, wherein the channel is located between the electron source and the electromagnetic cavity, and wherein the channel has a first opening adjacent to the electron source, and a second opening that is in communication with the electromagnetic cavity; and
generating an envelope of electrons, the envelope having a waist, wherein the waist of the envelope is at or adjacent to a location that is downstream from the first opening.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
using the electrons to form a beam having a diameter that is 2 mm or less.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the location is at a beginning of an increasing radiofrequency field.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the location is at an interface between the channel and the electromagnetic cavity.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the waist of the envelope of electrons is proximal to the interface.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the waist of the envelope of electrons is within 2 mm from the interface.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
accelerating at least some the electrons in the envelope using a body, the body having additional electromagnetic cavities coupled in series, the body having a proximal end and a distal end.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the accelerating is performed such that at least 30% of electrons are transmitted from the proximal end to the distal end.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the accelerating is performed such that the accelerated electrons result in an electron beam having an energy level that is at least 5 MeV.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the accelerated electrons form a beam having a diameter that is 2 mm or less at the distal end.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the generating is performed using a gun source that is configured to emit electrons at an energy level having a value between 5 keV and 30 keV.
12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising confining at least some of the electrons in the envelope.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising using the electrons to form a beam having an energy level that is at least 5 MeV.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the waist comprises the narrowest part of the envelope.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the waist comprises a portion of the envelope that is relatively narrower than another portion of the envelope.
16. A method for generating an electron beam, comprising:
generating an envelope of electrons, the envelope having a waist, wherein the waist of the envelope is at or adjacent to a location; and
confining at least some of the electrons in the envelope, wherein the confining is performed without use of an external solenoid.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising accelerating at least some the electrons in the envelope using a body, the body having electromagnetic cavities coupled in series, the body having a proximal end and a distal end.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the accelerating is performed such that at least 30% of electrons are transmitted from the proximal end to the distal end.
19. The method of claim 16 , further comprising using the electrons to form a beam having an energy level that is at least 5 MeV.
20. The method of claim 16 , wherein the location is at an interface between a channel and an electromagnetic cavity, wherein the channel is located between an electron source and the electromagnetic cavity.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the waist is located within 2 mm from the location.
22. The method of claim 20 , wherein the waist is proximal to the interface.
23. The method of claim 16 , wherein the waist comprises the narrowest part of the envelope.
24. The method of claim 16 , wherein the waist comprises a portion of the envelope that is relatively narrower than another portion of the envelope.
25. The method of claim 16 , wherein the envelope of electrons comprises a region in space that is occupied by the electrons.
26. The method of claim 16 , wherein a boundary of the envelope of electrons is defined by a prescribed level of density of electrons.
27. A method for generating an electron beam, comprising:
generating electrons; and
accelerating the generated electrons to create a beam of electrons, a portion of the beam of electrons having an energy level being a value between 5 MeV and 20 MeV, the portion of the beam of electrons having a cross sectional dimension that is 2 mm or less;
wherein the accelerating comprises using a cavity having a first section and a second section, a cross-sectional dimension of the first section is less than a cross-sectional dimension of the second section.
28. The method of claim 27 , wherein the generating comprises creating an envelope of electrons, the envelope having a waist located at or adjacent to an interface between a channel and an electromagnetic cavity.
29. The device of claim 28 , wherein the waist is located within 2 mm from the interface.
30. The device of claim 28 , wherein the waist is proximal to the interface.
31. The device of claim 28 , wherein the waist comprises the narrowest part of the envelope.
32. The device of claim 28 , wherein the waist comprises a portion of the envelope that is relatively narrower than another portion of the envelope.
33. The method of claim 27 , wherein the generating comprises creating an envelope of electrons, the envelope having a waist located at or adjacent to a beginning of an increasing radiofrequency field.
34. The method of claim 27 , wherein the generating comprises using a gun source configured to emit electrons at an energy level having a value between 5 keV and 30 keV.
35. A method for generating an electron beam, comprising:
generating electrons;
accelerating the generated electrons to create a beam of electrons, a portion of the beam of electrons having an energy level being a value between 5 MeV and 20 MeV, the portion of the beam of electrons having a cross sectional dimension that is 2 mm or less; and
confining at least some of the electrons as they are being accelerated, wherein the confining is performed without use of an external solenoid.
36. A device for generating an electron beam, comprising:
a gun source for generating electrons; and
a plurality of electromagnetic cavities coupled in series to form a body, the electromagnetic cavities configured to accelerate at least some of the electrons to create a beam of electrons, a portion of the beam of electrons having an energy level being a value between 5 MeV and 20 MeV, the portion of the beam of electrons having a cross sectional dimension that is 2 mm or less.
37. The device of claim 36 , wherein the gun source creates an envelope of electrons, the envelope having a waist located at or adjacent to an interface between a channel and one of the plurality of electromagnetic cavities.
38. The device of claim 37 , wherein the waist is located within 2 mm from the interface.
39. The device of claim 37 , wherein the waist is proximal to the interface.
40. The device of claim 37 , wherein the waist comprises the narrowest part of the envelope.
41. The device of claim 37 , wherein the waist comprises a portion of the envelope that is relatively narrower than another portion of the envelope.
42. The device of claim 36 , wherein the gun source creates an envelope of electrons, the envelope having a waist located at or adjacent to a beginning of an increasing radiofrequency field.
43. The device of claim 36 , wherein the gun source is configured to emit electrons at an energy level having a value between 5 keV and 30 keV.
44. The device of claim 36 , wherein one of the plurality of cavities has a first section and a second section, a cross-sectional dimension of the first section is less than a cross-sectional dimension of the second section.
45. The device of claim 36 , wherein one of the plurality of cavities has a length that is different from that of another of the plurality of cavities.
46. A device for generating an electron beam, comprising:
a gun source for generating electrons; and
a plurality of electromagnetic cavities coupled in series to form a body, the electromagnetic cavities configured to accelerate at least some of the electrons to create a beam of electrons, a portion of the beam of electrons having an energy level being a value between 5 MeV and 20 MeV, the portion of the beam of electrons having a cross sectional dimension that is 2 mm or less;
wherein at least some of the electrons generated by the gun source is confined without use of an external solenoid.