System and method for sending packets over a computer network
View Patent ↗The benefits of a multicast-enabled network are realized by a flexible, easy to deploy, software-based solution that does not require reconfiguring of network routers. Systems and methods that implement this solution can perform as follows. A packet is received that was sent by a sender to at least one receiver, and the packet includes a parameter relating to a multicast announce address. A forwarding rules set is associated with the packet if the parameter has a defined value. This forwarding rules set is used to determine whether any of the at least one destination addresses included in the packet corresponds to one of the receivers that has a receiver format that must be converted. In addition, the forwarding rules set defines when a packet should be converted from a sender format to a receiver format before forwarding the packet. The packet is converted from the sender format to the receiver format for each destination address identified as requiring conversion, and forwarded in accordance with the forwarding rules set.
1. A method for forwarding packets over a computer network, wherein routing of individual forwarded packets is coordinated at the application layer of at least one server coupled to the computer network, the method comprising:
receiving a first packet according to a multicast format, the first packet having individual fields that collectively include at least one of a multicast address and a parameter corresponding to the multicast address;
examining the multicast address and based upon the multicast address, associating a forwarding rule set with the first packet, said associated forwarding rule set based on the multicast address, the forwarding rule set including a plurality of destination addresses corresponding to the multicast address; and
for at least one of the plurality of destination addresses within the forwarding rule set,
determining whether the first packet should be converted before being forwarded to the at least one destination address,
if determined that the packet should be converted before being forwarded to the at least one destination address,
converting the first packet into a second packet that is based on a unicast format of the at least one destination address, and
forwarding the second packet to the at least one destination address via a unicast only network segment, and
if determined that the packet should not be converted before being forwarded to the at least one destination address,
forwarding an unconverted first packet to the at least one destination address.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the second packet is configured to be fed forward only.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the individual fields of the first packet further collectively include the plurality of destination addresses associated with the multicast address.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising including an original destination address associated with the first packet in an individual header field of the second packet.
5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising:
receiving the second packet;
converting the second packet into the first packet; and
restoring the original destination address in a destination address field of the first packet.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the original destination address comprises the multicast address.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising discarding the first packet in response to the occurrence of at least one condition selected from the group consisting of the first packet having identical source and destination addresses, the first packet having already been multicast, and the first packet having been forwarded a predetermined amount of times.
8. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon, computer-executable instructions that, if executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform operations for routing a first packet received in a multicast format, the operations comprising:
receiving the first packet, the first packet having individual fields that collectively include a first destination address and at least one of a multicast address and a parameter corresponding to the multicast address;
identifying a second destination address associated with the multicast address;
converting the first packet into a second packet corresponding to a unicast format associated with the second destination address;
forwarding the second packet to the second destination address via a unicast only network segment; and
forwarding an unconverted first packet to the first destination address according to the multicast format.
9. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8 wherein the server is configured to route the first packet according to routing parameters that are coordinated at an application layer level.
10. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8 wherein identifying the second destination address comprises using a forwarding table that associates individual destination addresses with individual multicast addresses.
11. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8 wherein identifying the second destination address further comprises identifying individual destination addresses located in at least one of a header field and a data field associated with the first packet.
12. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8 wherein converting the first packet into the second packet further comprises including the multicast address in an individual header field of the second packet.
13. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8 wherein converting the first packet into the second packet further comprises restoring the multicast address in a destination header field of the second packet.
14. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 8 wherein the operations further comprise updating a forwarding parameter included in an individual header field of the second packet, the forwarding parameter corresponding to forwarding conditions associated with the first packet.
15. A packet forwarding system, comprising:
a first server coupled to a second server via a unicast only network segment and also coupled to a network node,
wherein the first server is configured to forward individual data packets by performing operations comprising:
receiving a first packet in a multicast format having a corresponding multicast address;
examining the multicast address and, based upon the multicast address, associating a forwarding rules set with the first packet based on the multicast address;
converting the first packet into a second packet having a unicast format based on an individual destination address associated with the multicast address;
transmitting the second packet to the individual destination address via the unicast only network segment; and
transmitting an unconverted first packet to a multicast network segment coupled to the network node.
16. A packet forwarding system of a computer, comprising:
means for receiving a first packet according to a multicast format, the first packet having individual fields that collectively include at least one of a multicast address and a parameter corresponding to the multicast address;
means for examining the multicast address and, based upon the multicast address, associating a forwarding rule set with the first packet based on the multicast address, the forwarding rule set including a plurality of destination addresses corresponding to the multicast address;
means for converting the first packet into a second packet that is based on a unicast format of a first individual destination address within the forwarding rule set;
means for forwarding the second packet to the first individual destination address via a unicast only network segment; and
means for forwarding an unconverted first packet to a second individual destination address within the forwarding rule set corresponding to the multicast address.
17. A method performed by a computer for forwarding packets over a computer network comprising:
receiving a first packet according to a multicast format, the first packet having individual fields that collectively include at least one of a multicast address and a parameter corresponding to the multicast address;
examining the multicast address and, based upon the multicast address, associating a forwarding rule set with the first packet based on the multicast address, the forwarding rule set including a plurality of destination addresses corresponding to the multicast address;
converting the first packet into a second packet that is based on a unicast format of a first individual destination address within the forwarding rule set;
forwarding the second packet to the first individual destination address via a unicast only network segment; and
forwarding an unconverted first packet to a second individual destination address within the forwarding rule set corresponding to the multicast address.