Vertically coupling of resonant cavities to bus waveguides
Embodiments of the invention involve a monolithic vertical configuration for coupling a ring resonator and a bus waveguides. The monolithic vertical coupling arrangement, with the epitaxial grown coupling between the waveguide and the resonator, provides control of the coupling coefficient. The vertical coupling arrangement allows for different material compositions in the waveguide and resonator structures, e.g. active quantum well resonators and transparent waveguides, to facilitate the design of active WDM components.
1 . An optical device comprising:
a substrate having a surface;
a waveguide that is located upon the surface; and
a resonator that is vertically coupled to the waveguide in a coupling region of the device, and is located upon the surface.
2 . The optical device of claim 1 , wherein the resonator is monolithically integrated with the substrate.
3 . The optical device of claim 1 , wherein the waveguide comprises a material that is different from a material of the resonator.
4 . The optical device of claim 3 , wherein the waveguide is passive and the resonator is active.
5 . The optical device of claim 3 , wherein the waveguide comprises a transparent material, and the resonator comprises a plurality of materials to form quantum wells.
6 . The optical device of claim 1 , wherein the waveguide comprises:
a core layer; and
a cladding layer that surrounds the core layer.
7 . The optical device of claim 6 , wherein the cladding layer has a diameter that is smaller in the coupling region.
8 . The optical device of claim 6 , wherein a portion of the cladding layer has a diameter that is tapered, and the diameter varies with the distance from the coupling region such that the diameter is at a minimum in the coupling region.
9 . The optical device of claim 8 , wherein the diameter varies adiabatically.
10 . The optical device of claim 6 , wherein the waveguide varies from having characteristics of a high index waveguide to having characteristics of a BH waveguide.
11 . The optical device of claim 1 , wherein the resonator comprises:
a core layer;
a first cladding layer that is located on one side of the core layer, and
a second cladding layer that is located on a side opposite the one side of the core layer.
12 - 20 . (canceled)