Soundproof assembly and methods for manufacturing same
An improved acoustical floor/ceiling, or wall assembly affixed to a support structure, the assembly using laminar panels. A first one of the laminar panels includes a constraining layer of material with a layer viscoelastic glue on the constraining layer and a layer of material of a first composition on the layer of viscoelastic glue. A second one of the laminar panels includes a constraining layer of material with a layer of viscoelastic glue on the constraining layer of material and a layer of material of a composition different than that of the layer of material in the other laminar panel. In one assembly the material in the first laminar panel is cellulose-based material or wood, and the material in the second laminar panel is gypsum board. Constraining layers of material of metal, cellulose-based material, wood and petroleum-based products such as plastic, vinyl or rubber, ceramic, composite are employed.
1. A soundproof assembly for use in building construction, employing a support structure having a top and a bottom, comprising:
a first laminar panel having a first layer of material having a first composition;
a second laminar panel having a second layer of material having a second composition, which is different than the first composition;
wherein at least one of the laminar panels includes at least two layers of material separated by viscoelastic glue; and further wherein
said first laminar panel is secured to the top of the support structure; and
said second laminar panel is secured to the bottom of the support structure; and
said viscoelastic glue comprises a minimum of 33% up to a maximum of 65% acrylate polymer, by weight.
2. The soundproof assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first laminar panel and the second laminar panel are positioned on the support structure such that a plane of the first laminar panel is parallel to a plane of the second laminar panel.
3. The soundproof assembly of claim 1 , wherein one of the first and second laminar panels includes at least one layer of a selected thickness gypsum board.
4. The soundproof assembly of claim 3 , wherein the other of the first and second laminar panels includes a layer of material selected from the group consisting of a cellulose-based material and wood.
5. The soundproof assembly of claim 1 , wherein one of the first and second laminar panels includes a layer of material selected from the group consisting of a cellulose-based material and wood.
6. The soundproof assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the first layer of material comprises a layer of material selected from the group consisting of a cellulose-based material and wood; and further wherein the first laminar panel comprises a first layer of viscoelastic glue on one surface of the first layer of material and at least a first constraining layer of material positioned on an exposed surface of the first layer of viscoelastic glue.
7. The soundproof assembly according to claim 6 , further comprising a second layer of viscoelastic glue positioned on an exposed surface of the first constraining layer of material and a third layer of material selected from the group consisting of a cellulose-based material and wood positioned on an exposed surface at the second layer of viscoelastic glue.
8. The soundproof assembly according to claim 6 , wherein the first constraining layer of material comprises a layer of metal.
9. The soundproof assembly according to claim 8 , wherein the layer of metal comprises a sheet metal layer.
10. The soundproof assembly according to claim 9 , wherein the sheet metal layer comprises a layer of galvanized steel.
11. The soundproof assembly according to claim 6 , wherein the first constraining layer of material comprises a layer selected from the group consisting of vinyl, plastic composite, rubber, ceramic and composite.
12. The soundproof assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the second layer of material comprises a layer of gypsum board; and further wherein the second laminar panel comprises a first layer of a viscoelastic glue on one surface of the layer of gypsum board and at least a first constraining layer of material positioned on an exposed surface of the first layer of viscoelastic glue.
13. The soundproof assembly according to claim 12 , further comprising a second layer of viscoelastic glue positioned on an exposed surface of the first constraining layer of material and a third layer of a selected thickness gypsum board positioned on an exposed surface at the second layer of viscoelastic glue.
14. The soundproof assembly according to claim 12 , wherein the first constraining layer of material comprises a layer of metal.
15. The soundproof assembly according to claim 14 , wherein the layer of metal comprises a sheet metal layer.
16. The soundproof assembly according to claim 15 , wherein the sheet metal layer comprises a layer of galvanized steel.
17. The soundproof assembly according to claim 12 , wherein the first constraining layer of material comprises a layer selected from the group consisting of vinyl, plastic composite, rubber, ceramic and composite.
18. The soundproof assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the second layer of material comprises an external layer of the second laminar panel, and wherein the second laminar panel further comprises:
a third external layer of material; and
one or more interior constraining layers of material intermediate the second and third external layers, the one or more interior constraining layers of material having viscoelastic glue layers positioned on surfaces thereof.
19. The soundproof assembly according to claim 18 , wherein the one or more interior constraining layers of material comprise: a first constraining layer of metal and a second constraining layer of another material.
20. The soundproof assembly according to claim 19 , wherein the second constraining layer comprises a layer of material selected from the group consisting of a cellulose-based material and wood.
21. The soundproof assembly according to claim 18 , wherein the second layer of material and the third external layer of material both comprise gypsum board.
22. The soundproof assembly according to claim 19 , wherein the second layer of material and the third external layer of material both comprise gypsum board.
23. The soundproof assembly according to claim 18 , wherein the one or more interior constraining layers of material comprise:
a first constraining layer of metal; and
a second constraining layer of metal.
24. The soundproof assembly according to claim 23 , wherein the second layer of material and the third external layer of material both comprise gypsum board.
25. The soundproof assembly according to claim 19 , wherein the layer of metal comprises a sheet metal layer.
26. The soundproof assembly according to claim 25 , wherein the sheet metal layer comprises a layer of galvanized steel.
27. The soundproof assembly according to claim 23 , wherein the first constraining layer of metal comprises a sheet metal layer and the second constraining layer of metal comprises a sheet metal layer.
28. The soundproof assembly according to claim 27 , wherein the sheet metal layer of the first constraining layer and the second constraining layer each comprise a layer of galvanized steel.
29. The soundproof assembly of claim 1 further comprising insulating material positioned intermediate the first laminar panel and the second laminar panel.
30. The soundproof assembly of claim 29 , wherein the insulating material is supported by a surface of one of the first and second laminar panels.
31. The soundproof assembly of claim 29 , wherein the insulating material comprises one or more layers of fiberglass material, or one or more layers of mineral fiber.
32. The soundproof assembly at claim 30 wherein the insulating material comprises one or more layers of fiberglass material, or one or more layers of mineral fiber.
33. A method of manufacturing a soundproof assembly, for use in building construction, employing a support structure, the method comprising:
providing a first laminar panel which comprises a first constraining layer of material, a first layer of viscoelastic glue positioned on a surface of the first constraining layer of material, and a first layer of material having a first composition positioned on a surface of the first layer of viscoelastic glue;
securing the first laminar panel to the support structure;
providing a second laminar panel which comprises a second constraining layer of material, a second layer of viscoelastic glue positioned on a surface of the second constraining layer of material, and a second layer of material having a second composition which is different than the first composition; and
securing the second laminar panel to the support structure; and further wherein said first and second layers of viscoelastic glue comprise a minimum of 33% up to a maximum of 65% acrylate polymer, by weight.