Reducing leakage current in guide wire assembly
The present invention relates to a method and a device for reducing leakage current in a guide wire assembly having conductor members ( 707, 708 ) arranged at a connector end of the guide wire ( 702 ) to provide electrical contact with electrical leads ( 705, 706 ) of the guide wire and to provide signals transferred via the electrical leads to an external device, said conductor members being separated by at least one insulator ( 709 ). An idea of the present invention is to minimize leakage current via the at least one insulator. When a physician places the guide wire into an appropriate location in the body, a male connector ( 100 ) of the guide wire may be contaminated by, for example, dirt, fat, moisture, etc., which is attached to the physician's fingers and deposited onto the male connector. An electrode ( 710 ) mounted at the female connector is used to apply a guard potential (Ud) to the insulator ( 709 ) to reduce potential difference and thereby reduce current leakage between members ( 707, 708 ).
1. A method of reducing leakage current in a guide wire assembly having conductor members ( 707 , 708 ) arranged at a connector end of the guide wire ( 702 ) to provide electrical contact with electrical leads ( 705 , 706 ) of the guide wire and to provide signals transferred via the electrical leads to an external device, said conductor members being separated by at least one insulator ( 709 ), the method comprising the steps of:
applying, as signals are transferred via the conductor members, a separate guard potential (Ud) to said at least one insulator, which guard potential is arranged to reduce a potential difference across said insulator such that leakage current is reduced.
2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
applying an additional guard potential (Ud) to a guide wire sheath ( 803 ), which guard potential is arranged to reduce a potential difference across an insulator ( 811 ) arranged adjacent to the guide wire sheath such that leakage current is reduced.
3. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
applying an additional guard potential (Ud) to an insulator ( 811 ) located adjacent to a guide wire sheath ( 803 ), which guard potential is arranged to reduce a potential difference across the insulator ( 811 ) arranged adjacent to the guide wire sheath such that leakage current is reduced.
4. The method according to claim 2 , wherein said guard potential (Ud) and said additional guard potential (Ud) is set to be the same potential.
5. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the steps of:
estimating a voltage level of a signal at a conductor member ( 708 ) located adjacent to an insulator ( 709 ) across which potential difference is to be reduced; and
supplying, as guard potential (Ud), a signal having the estimated voltage level.
6. The method according to claim 5 , further comprising, in case two or more signals are transferred via respective electrical leads ( 906 , 930 ) and the guide wire ( 902 ) has a conductive sheath ( 903 ), the steps of:
estimating a voltage level of a signal at a conductor member ( 908 , 932 ) located adjacent to a respective insulator ( 909 , 911 ) across which a potential difference is to be reduced;
creating an averaged signal having as a voltage level an average value of the estimated voltage level; and
supplying, as guard potential (Ud), said averaged signal.
7. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the steps of:
sensing a voltage level of a signal at a conductor member ( 908 , 932 ) located adjacent to an insulator ( 909 , 911 ) across which a potential difference is to be reduced; and
supplying, as guard potential (Ud), a signal having the sensed voltage level.
8. The method according to claim 7 , further comprising, in case two or more signals are transferred via respective electrical leads ( 906 , 930 ) and the guide wire ( 902 ) has a conductive sheath ( 903 ), the steps of:
sensing a voltage level of a signal at a conductor member located ( 908 , 932 ) adjacent to a respective insulator ( 909 , 911 ) across which a potential difference is to be reduced;
creating an averaged signal having as a voltage level an average value of the sensed voltage level; and
supplying, as guard potential (Ud), said averaged signal.
9. The method according to claim 7 , further comprising the step of:
low pass filtering the sensed voltage level such that a DC voltage level is provided as guard potential (Ud).
10. The method according to claim 9 , further comprising the step of:
sampling the low pass filtered voltage and supplying the sampled voltage as guard potential (Ud).
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the guard potential (Ud) is applied to the insulator ( 104 ) when a male connector ( 100 ) arranged at the connector end of the guide wire ( 102 ) is inserted into a female connector ( 200 ) to provide signals transferred via the electrical leads to an external device.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein one of the conductor members ( 707 ) is connected to a reference potential.
13. A device for reducing leakage current in a guide wire assembly having conductor members ( 707 , 708 ) arranged at a connector end of the guide wire ( 702 ) to provide electrical contact with electrical leads ( 705 , 706 ) of the guide wire and to provide signals transferred via the electrical leads to an external device, said conductor members being separated by at least one insulator ( 709 ), the device comprising:
an electrode ( 710 ) arranged to apply, as signals are transferred via the conductor members, a separate guard potential (Ud) to said at least one insulator, which guard potential is arranged to reduce a potential difference across said insulator such that leakage current is reduced.
14. The device according to claim 13 , further comprising:
a voltage regulating circuit ( 935 , 1039 ) for supplying the guard potential (Ud) to the electrode ( 710 ).
15. The device according to claim 13 , further comprising:
an additional electrode ( 812 ) arranged to apply an additional guard potential (Ud) to a guide wire sheath ( 803 ), which guard potential is arranged to reduce a potential difference across an insulator ( 811 ) arranged adjacent to the guide wire sheath such that leakage current is reduced.
16. The device according to claim 13 , further comprising:
an additional electrode ( 812 ) arranged to apply an additional guard potential (Ud) to an insulator ( 811 ) located adjacent to a guide wire sheath ( 803 ), which guard potential is arranged to reduce a potential difference across the insulator ( 811 ) arranged adjacent to the guide wire sheath such that leakage current is reduced.
17. The device according to claim 15 , further being arranged such that said guard potential (Ud) and said additional guard potential (Ud) is the same potential.
18. The device according to claim 14 , further comprising:
a sensing electrode ( 933 , 934 ) arranged to sense a voltage level of a signal at a conductor member ( 908 , 932 ) located adjacent to an insulator ( 909 , 911 ) across which a potential difference is to be reduced and to supply the sensed voltage to the voltage regulating circuit ( 935 ).
19. The device according to claim 18 , further comprising, in case the guide wire assembly is arranged to transfer two or more signals via respective electrical leads ( 906 , 930 ):
sensing electrodes ( 933 , 934 ) arranged to sense a voltage level of a signal at a conductor member ( 908 , 932 ) located adjacent to a respective insulator ( 909 , 911 ) across which a potential difference is to be reduced; and
a circuit ( 936 ) arranged to calculate the average value of the signals at the respective conductor members and to supply the sensed voltage to the voltage regulating circuit ( 935 ).
20. The device according to claim 18 , further comprising:
a low pass filter ( 936 ) arranged to filter the sensed voltage such that a DC voltage level is provided as guard potential (Ud).
21. The device according to claim 14 , wherein said voltage regulating circuit comprises an operational amplifier configuration ( 935 ).
22. The device according to claim 21 , wherein the operational amplifier configuration is a voltage follower.
23. The device according to claim 21 , further comprising:
a sample and hold circuit ( 937 ) arranged at the input of the operational amplifier configuration ( 935 ) for sampling the signal supplied to the operational amplifier.
24. The device according to claim 14 , wherein said voltage regulating circuit comprises a microprocessor ( 1039 ).
25. The device according to claim 24 , wherein a circuit arranged to calculate the average value of the signals at respective conductor members ( 908 , 932 ) is implemented in the microprocessor ( 1039 ).
26. The device according to claim 24 , further comprising:
an A/D-converter ( 1038 ) and a D/A-converter ( 1040 ) arranged at the microprocessor ( 1039 ).
27. The device according to claim 13 , wherein one of the conductor members ( 707 ) is connected to a reference potential.
28. The device according to claim 27 , wherein said reference potential to which one of the conductor members ( 707 ) is connected is a ground potential.
29. The device according to claim 13 , wherein the device is arranged such that the guard potential (Ud) is applied to the insulator ( 104 ) when a male connector ( 100 ) arranged at the connector end of the guide wire ( 102 ) is inserted into a female connector ( 200 ) to provide signals transferred via the electrical leads to an external device.
30. The device according to claim 13 , wherein the device is arranged at a female connector ( 200 ) of the guide wire assembly.