Method of manufacturing cold rolled dual-phase steel sheet
View Patent ↗A steel sheet having (a) a dual phase microstructure with a martensite phase and a ferrite phase and (b) a composition containing by percent weight: 0.01% to 0.2% C; 0.3% to 3% Mn; 0.05% to 2% Si; 0.1% to 2% Cr; 0.01% to 0.10 Al; and 0.0005% to 0.01% Ca, with the balance of the composition being iron and incidental ingredients. Also, the steel sheet is made by a batch annealing method, and has a tensile strength of at least approximately 400 MPa and an n-value of at least approximately 0.175.
1. A batch annealing method of making a dual phase steel sheet, comprising:
(I) at a temperature in a range between about (A r3 -60)° C. and about 980° C. (about 1796° F.), hot rolling a steel slab into a hot band, wherein the steel slab comprises a composition comprising:
carbon in a range from about 0.01% by weight to about 0.2% by weight,
manganese in a range from about 0.3% by weight to about 3% by weight,
silicon in a range from about 0.05% by weight to about 2% by weight,
chromium in a range from about 0.1% by weight to about 2% by weight,
aluminum in a range from about 0.01% by weight to about 0.10% by weight, and
calcium in a range from about 0.0005% by weight to about 0.01% by weight,
with the balance of said composition comprising iron and incidental ingredients;
(II) cooling the hot band at a mean rate of at least about 5° C./s (about 9° F./s) to a temperature not higher than about 750° C. (about 1382° F.) obtaining a steel sheet comprising a dual phase microstructure comprising a martensite phase no more than about 35% by volume embedded in a ferrite matrix phase;
(III) coiling the cooled band to form a coil;
(IV) cold rolling the coil to a desired steel sheet thickness, with a total reduction of at least about 35%;
(V) annealing the cold rolled steel sheet in a batch furnace at a temperature higher than about 500° C. (about 932° F.) and lower than about the Ac 1 temperature for longer than about 60 minutes;
(VI) cooling the annealed steel sheet to a temperature lower than about 400° C. (about 752° F.) obtaining a steel sheet comprising (a) a dual phase microstructure comprising a martensite phase and a ferrite phase, (b) said composition, and (c) properties comprising a tensile strength of at least about 400 MPa and an n-value of at least about 0.175.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the properties comprise a tensile strength of about least about 450 MPa, and an n-value of at least about 0.18.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the martensite phase comprises from about 3% by volume to about 30% by volume of the microstructure.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises one or more of titanium in an amount up to about 0.2% by weight; vanadium in an amount up to about 0.2% by weight; niobium in an amount up to about 0.2% by weight; boron in an amount up to about 0.008% by weight; molybdenum in an amount up to about 0.8% by weight; copper in an amount up to about 0.8% by weight; nickel in an amount up to about 0.8% by weight; phosphorous in an amount up to about 0.1% by weight; sulfur in an amount up to about 0.03% by weight; or nitrogen in an amount up to about 0.02% by weight.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon ranges from about 0.02% to about 0.12% by weight, the manganese ranges from about 0.5% to about 2.5% by weight, the silicon ranges from about 0.08% to about 1.5% by weight, the chromium ranges from about 0.2% to about 1.5% by weight, the aluminum ranges from about 0.015% to about 0.09% by weight, the calcium ranges from about 0.0008% to about 0.009% by weight, or a combination thereof.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the carbon ranges from about 0.03% to about 0.1% by weight, the manganese ranges from about 0.5% to about 2% by weight, the silicon ranges from about 0.1% to about 1.2% by weight, the chromium ranges from about 0.3% to about 1.2% by weight, the aluminum ranges from about 0.02% to about 0.08% by weight, the calcium ranges from about 0.001% about 0.008% by weight, or a combination thereof.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein hot rolling is at a temperature in a range between about (A r3 -30)° C. and about 950° C. (about 1742° F.).
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein cooling the hot band is at a mean rate of at least about 10° C./s (about 18° F./s) to a temperature not higher than about 650° C. (about 1202° F.).
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising pickling the coil.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the total reduction ranges from about 45% to about 85%.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the annealing is a temperature higher than about 650° C. (about 1202° F.) and lower than about the A c1 temperature in the subcritical temperature region for a time from about 180 minutes to about 7 days.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein cooling the annealed sheet is to a temperature from about 300° C. (about 572° F.) to about ambient temperature.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
(VII) applying a coating of one or both of a zinc coating or a zinc alloy coating to the annealed steel sheet.
14. A batch annealing method of making a steel sheet, comprising:
(I) at a temperature in a range between about (A r3 -30)° C. and about 950° C., (about 1742° F.), hot rolling a steel slab into a hot band, wherein the steel slab comprises a composition comprising:
carbon in a range from about 0.01% by weight to about 0.2% by weight,
manganese in a range from about 0.3% by weight to about 3% by weight,
silicon in a range from about 0.05% by weight to about 2% by weight,
chromium in a range from about 0.1% by weight to about 2% by weight,
aluminum in a range from about 0.01% by weight to about 0.10% by weight, and
calcium in a range from about 0.0005% by weight to about 0.01% by weight,
with the balance of said composition comprising iron and incidental ingredients;
(II) cooling the hot band at a mean rate of at least about 10° C./s (about 18° F./s) to a temperature not higher than about 6500 C. (about 1202° F.,) obtaining a steel sheet comprising a dual phase microstructure comprising a martensite phase from about 3% to about 35% by volume embedded in a ferrite matrix phase;
(III) coiling the cooled band to form a coil;
(IV) cold rolling the coil at about ambient temperature to a desired steel sheet thickness, with a total reduction ranging from about 45% to about 85%;
(V) annealing the cold rolled steel sheet in a batch furnace at a temperature higher than about 650° C. (about 1202° F.) and lower than about the A c1 temperature for longer than about 60 minutes;
(VI) cooling the annealed steel sheet to a temperature lower than about 300° C. (about 572° F.), and
(VII) obtaining a steel sheet comprising (a) a dual phase microstructure comprising a martensite phase embedded in a ferrite matrix phase, wherein the martensite phase comprises from about 3% by volume to about 35% by volume of the microstructure, (b) said composition, and (c) properties comprising a tensile strength of at least about 400 MPa, and an n-value of at least about 0.175 after cold rolling and batch annealing.