Medical devices and processes for preparing same
A medical device formed at least in part of a polymeric composition, and having a surface modified with covalently bonded fluorine, and a process for modifying the surface including the step of exposing the surface of the medical device to gaseous plasma sufficient to covalently bond fluorine to the surface.
1 . A process for modifying the surface of a catheter assembly or a component thereof, at least a portion of which comprises a polymeric composition, the process comprising exposing said surface of said medical device to gaseous plasma sufficient to covalently bond fluorine to said surface of said medical device.
2 . The process of claim 1 , the process comprising exposing said surface of said medical device to gaseous plasma comprising available fluorine atoms to form —CF y groups wherein y=1 to 3, on said surface of said medical device.
3 . The process of claim 1 wherein said surface of said medical device comprises functional groups which are selected from the group consisting of ether, acid, ester, amide, hydroxyl, carbonyl, hydrogens (H) adjacent said functional groups, or a combination thereof.
4 . The process of claim 1 wherein said surface of said surface of said medical device is subjected to a surface oxidation treatment.
5 . The process of claim 4 wherein said surface oxidation treatment is simultaneously conducted with exposing said surface to said gaseous plasma comprising available fluorine atoms.
6 . The process of claim 1 wherein said polymeric composition comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyolefins, polyesters, polyamides, copolymers thereof and mixtures thereof.
7 . The process of claim 6 wherein said polymeric composition is polyethylene, polyamide-block-ether, or mixtures thereof.
8 . The process of claim 1 wherein said gaseous plasma comprises a source of available fluorine atoms, said source selected from the group consisting of SF 6 , C x F y where x=1-5 and y=3-8, PF 5 , NF 3 , C x F y X z where X=H, Cl, Br and x=1, y=1-3, z=1-3 and y+z=3 or 4, and mixtures thereof.
9 . The process of claim 1 wherein said plasma comprises CFy where y≦4 or SF x where x≦6.
10 . The process of claim 1 wherein said medical device is a catheter assembly comprising a catheter shaft having an inner surface and an outer surface, at least a portion of the inner surface exposed to said plasma.
11 . The process of claim 3 wherein a majority of said groups are converted to —CF 2 and —CF 3 .
12 . The process of claim 3 wherein a majority of said groups are converted to —CF 3 .
13 . The process of claim 1 wherein said process is a cold plasma process.
14 . The process of claim 1 , said process further comprising the step of extruding said polymeric composition to form a tubular member prior to modifying said surface of said polymeric composition.
15 . The process of claim 14 , said process further comprising the step of molding said tubular member to form a medical balloon.
16 . The process of claim 1 in combination with a second surface modification process.
17 . The process of claim 14 wherein said tubular member has an inner surface and an outer surface, and said process comprising the step of modifying at least the inner surface of said tubular member.
18 . A medical device comprising a tubular member having an inner surface and an outer surface, at least a portion of said inner surface of said tubular member having fluorine atoms covalently bonded thereto.
19 . The medical device of claim 18 , said tubular member formed from a polymeric composition comprising a non-fluoropolymeric material, and said fluorine atoms covalently bonded to said surface of said tubular member represented by the formula —CF n wherein n is 1, 2 or 3.
20 . The medical device of claim 19 wherein a majority of fluorine atoms are covalently bonded to said surface of said tubular member represented by the formula —CF n where n is 2 or 3.
21 . The medical device of claim 19 wherein said medical device is a catheter assembly and said tubular member is a catheter shaft.
22 . The medical device of claim 19 wherein said polymeric composition comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyethers, polyamides, polyimides, polyolefins, polycarbonates, block copolymers, and mixtures thereof.
23 . The medical device of claim 19 wherein aid polymeric composition comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, poly(ether-block-amide), poly(ester-block-ether), poly(ester-block-ester), polyethylene and mixtures thereof.
24 . A catheter assembly comprising a shaft, the shaft having a matrix, an inner surface and an outer surface, the shaft formed from a polymeric material comprising at least one oxygen-containing functional group, or hydrogens adjacent to said functional groups, said surface modified by fluorination wherein —CF y groups, where y=1-3, are formed on at least one of said inner surface or said outer surface or both, but not in the matrix.
25 . The catheter of claim 24 , said polymeric material comprising functional groups selected from the group consisting of ether, acid, ester, amide, hydroxyl, carbonyl, hydrogens (H) adjacent said functional groups, or a combination thereof.
26 . A process for modifying a surface of a catheter assembly, the process comprising the step of exposing said surface of said medical device to a gaseous plasma comprising cyclic aromatic fluorocarbons, perfluorinated cyclic fluorocarbons or mixtures thereof.
27 . A catheter assembly or component thereof comprising a surface, said surface comprising at least one plasma generated layer, said layer comprising branched or crosslinked macromolecular networks based on CF, CF 2 , CF 3 units or mixtures thereof.