Implantable medical device having pre-implant exoskeleton
Methods and apparatus for implanting a medical device within a living body. The apparatus includes an elongate sleeve positionable with a living body, such as within a blood vessel, and a medical device insertable into the sleeve. During use, the sleeve is retained within the body, and the medical device is sealed within the sleeve. The sleeve substantially avoids biological growth onto the medical device, and thus permits removal of the medical device independently of the sleeve.
1. An implantable intravascular medical system including:
a flexible elongate sleeve proportioned and adapted for chronic implantation within a blood vessel of a patient and having an exterior surface and an interior surface defining an interior volume;
an implantable intravascular medical device releasably positionable within the interior volume of the sleeve after implanting the sleeve in the patient, the implantable intravascular medical device including a housing and a pulse generator sealed within the housing, wherein the sleeve is separably implantable from the implantable intravascular medical device; and
an anchor on the exterior surface of the flexible elongate sleeve, the anchor expendable into contact with an inner wall of the blood vessel.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein: the sleeve includes at least one electrode on the exterior surface and a contact positioned on the interior surface and electrically coupled to the at least one electrode; and
wherein the housing of the implantable intravascular medical device further includes an outer surface and a conductive element on the outer surface, the conductive element being electrically coupled to the pulse generator and, positioned for electrically coupling with the contact on the interior surface of the sleeve when the implantable intravascular medical device is positioned within the interior volume of the sleeve.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the implantable intravascular medical device is a defibrillation device.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the implantable intravascular medical device is a pacemaker.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the implantable intravascular medical device is a cardioverter.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sleeve includes an opening into the interior volume, wherein the implantable intravascular medical device is insertable into the interior volume of the sleeve through the opening, and wherein the system further includes a seal positionable in the opening to seal the interior volume against body fluids.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the sleeve includes a side branch extending from the sleeve, wherein at least one electrode is positioned on the side branch.
8. The system of claim 6 , wherein the sleeve includes a distal section and a proximal section, wherein the proximal section is more flexible than the distal section, and wherein the opening is formed in the proximal section.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sleeve is constructed to prevent biological growth onto the implantable intravascular medical device when the sleeve and implantable intravascular medical device are implanted in a blood vessel.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sleeve is formed of a material that will degrade within a blood vessel over a predetermined period of time.
11. The system of claim 1 , wherein the interior surface of the sleeve includes at least one engagement feature configured to retain the implantable intravascular medical device within the sleeve.
12. An implantable intravascular medical system including:
a flexible elongate sleeve proportioned and adapted for chronic implantation within a blood vessel of a patient and having an exterior surface, an interior surface defining an interior volume, and at least one opening into the interior volume;
an implantable intravascular medical device insertable into the interior volume of the sleeve through the at least one opening, the implantable intravascular medical device including a housing and a pulse generator sealed within the housing;
at least one seal positioned to seal the flexible elongate sleeve against passage of fluid into the interior volume; and
an anchor on the exterior surface of the flexible elongate sleeve, the anchor expandable into contact with an inner wall of the blood vessel.