Bi-functional polymer chip
In relation to a chromatographic chip, for protein separation, a polymer surface is provided that has a first polymer layer, attached to a support surface, which can be anionic or cationic. To the first layer is attached a second polymer layer, characterized by an opposite charge.
1. A biochip comprising:
(a) substrate comprising a covalently coupled coating that has ionic groups; and
(b) polymer coating comprising
(1) ionic groups of a charge opposite to the coating, whereby the polymer coating is ionically bound to the substrate coating, and
(2) binding groups,
wherein the biochip is adapted to engage a probe interface of a mass spectrometer and wherein the polymer coating comprises apolysaccharide, a polysaccharide derivative, or dextran.
2. The biochip according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate coating comprises anionic groups and the polymer coating comprises cationic groups.
3. The biochip according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer coating comprises DEAE dextran.
4. The biochip according to claim 2 , wherein the polymer coating comprises cationic groups and hydrophobic groups.
5. The biochip according to claim 4 , wherein the hydrophobic group is selected from an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic group.
6. The biochip according to claim 2 , wherein the polymer coating is attached to the substrate coating via ion exchange by a multipoint interaction mode.
7. The biochip according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate coating comprises cationic groups and the polymer coating comprises anionic groups.
8. The biochip according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer coating comprises a carboxymethyl dextran polymer.
9. The biochip according to claim 7 , wherein the polymer coating comprises an alginic acid polymer or a polyacrylic acid.
10. The biochip according to claim 7 , wherein the polymer coating comprises anionic groups and hydrophobic groups.
11. The biochip according to claim 10 , wherein the hydrophobic group is selected from an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic group.
12. The biochip according to claim 7 , wherein the polymer coating is attached to the substrate coating via ion exchange by a multipoint interaction mode.
13. The biochip according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer coating comprises linear or branched soluble polymers.
14. The biochip according to claim 1 , wherein the functionality of the binding groups is other than that of the ionic groups of the polymer coating.
15. The biochip according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer coating further comprises energy absorbing moieties.
16. The biochip according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer coating comprises a a polysaccharide.
17. The biochip according to claim 1 , wherein the polymer coating comprises a polysaccharide derivative.
18. The biochip according to claim 17 , wherein the synthetic ionic coating polymer is hydrophilic or hydrophobic.
19. The biochip according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a material selected from metal and synthetic polymer.
20. The biochip according to claim 1 , wherein the binding group of the polymer coating is a functionality selected from an anionic functionality, a cationic functionality, a metal chelate functionality, a hydrophbobic functionality, a hydrophilic functionality, a dye functionality or a biospecific functionality.
21. A method comprising:
(a) providing a biochip of claim 1 ;
(b) depositing an analyte on the polymer coating so that the analyte binds to the binding group;
(c) desorbing/ionizing the analyte from the biochip with photo-irradiation; and
(d) detecting the desorbed/ionized analyte.
22. The method of claim 21 further comprising applying a matrix to the analyte after deposition.
23. The method of claim 22 wherein the photo-irradiation is laser irradiation.
24. The biochip of claim 1 further comprising an analytes bound to the binding groups and a matrix material applied to the surface of the biochip.
25. A kit comprised of:
(a) biochip comprising a substrate that is adapted to engage a probe interface of a mass spectrometer, wherein the substrate has a covalently coupled coating that has ionic groups; and
(b) a receptacle containing a linear polymer that comprises
(1) ionic groups of opposite charge to those on the substrate and
(2) binding groups,
wherein the polymer coating comprises a detran polymer.
26. The kit according to claim 25 , further comprising instructions for coating the biochip with a coating of the polymer so that the polymer coating ionically binds to the substrate coating.
27. The kit according to claim 25 , wherein the biochip has anionic groups and the polymer coating has cationic groups.
28. The kit according to claim 25 , wherein the biochip has cationic groups and the polymer coating has anionic groups.
29. The kit according to claim 25 , further comprising a cross-linking agent.
30. The kit according to claim 25 , wherein the functionality of the binding groups is other than that of the ionic groups of the polymer coating.
31. The kit according to claim 25 , wherein the polymer coating further comprises energy absorbing moieties.
32. The kit according to claim 25 , wherein the polymer coating comprises a dextran polymer.
33. The kit according to claim 25 , wherein the polymer coating comprises a synthetic ionic polymer.
34. The kit according to claim 25 , wherein the substrate comprises a material selected from metal and synthetic polymer.
35. The kit according to claim 25 , wherein the binding group is a functionality selected from an anionic functionality, a cationic functionality, a metal chelate functionality, a hydrophbobic functionality, a hydrophilic functionality, a dye functionality or a biospecific functionality.
36. The kit according to claim 25 , wherein the polymer coating comprises DEAE dextran.
37. The kit according to claim 25 , wherein the polymer coating comprises a carboxymethyl dextran polymer.
38. The kit of claim 25 further comprising (c) a receptacle containing a matrix material for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry.
39. A method of making a biochip comprising:
(a) providing a substrate comprising a coating layer of ionic material bound to the substrate; and
(b) contacting the substrate with a linear polymer comprising ionic groups of a charge opposite to those of the ionic material, whereby the linear polymer attaches to the substrate through ionic bonds
wherein the linear polymer comprises a dextran polymer.
40. The method according to claim 39 , wherein the biochip has anionic groups and the polymer coating has cationic groups.
41. The method according to claim 39 , wherein the biochip has cationic groups and the polymer coating has anionic groups.
42. The method according to claim 39 , wherein the linear polymer comprises binding groups for a analyte.
43. The method according to claim 42 , wherein the functionality of the binding groups is other than that of the ionic groups of the polymer coating.
44. The method according to claim 39 , wherein the linear polymer comprises energy absorbing moieties.
45. The method according to claim 39 , wherein the liner polymer comprises a dextran polymer.
46. The method according to claim 39 , wherein the liner polymer comprises a synthetic ionic polymer.
47. The method according to claim 39 , wherein the substrate comprises a material selected from metal and synthetic polymer.
48. The method according to claim 39 , wherein the polymer coating comprises DEAE dextran.
49. The method according to claim 39 , wherein the polymer coating comprises a carboxymethyl dextran polymer.
50. A biochip comprising:
(a) substrate comprising a covalently coupled coating that has ionic groups; and
(b) polymer coating comprising
(1) ionic groups of a charge opposite to the coating, whereby the polymer coating is ionically bound to the substrate coating, and
(2) EAM functionalities,
wherein the biochip is adapted to engage a probe interface of a mass spectrometer and wherein the polymer comprises a dextran polymer.
51. The biochip of claim 50 wherein the polymer coating further comprises binding groups.
52. A method comprising:
(a) providing a biochip of claim 50 ;
(b) depositing an analyte on the polymer coating;
(c) desorbing/ionizing the analyte from the biochip with photo-irradiation; and
(d) detecting the desorbed/ionized analyte.
53. The method of claim 52 wherein the photo-irradiation is laser irradiation.
54. A kit comprised of:
(a) biochip comprising a substrate that is adapted to engage a probe interface of a mass spectrometer, wherein the substrate has a covalently coupled coating that has ionic groups; and
(b) a receptacle containing a linear polymer that comprises
(1) ionic groups of opposite charge to those on the substrate and
(2) EAM functionalities,
wherein the linear polymer comprises a dextran polymer.