Smart bio-nanoparticle elements

1. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element comprising

a cage element defining a cavity, up to 100 nanometers in diameter, formed from a plurality of self-assembling, purified Clathrin protein molecules and or purified coatomerI/II protein molecules and

one or more types of cargo elements located within the cavity,

wherein at least one of the elements, under the guidance of one or more types of externally and or self-directed methods, executes one or more types of functions and or effects one or more ends, in vivo and or in vitro.

2. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , comprising one or more active and or passive methods for capturing and or positioning one or more types of cargo elements within the cavity.

3. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , comprising cage and one or more methods for internally and or externally to functionalizing cage and or one or all or a subset of cargo elements.

4. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein cage and or one or all or a subset of cargo elements respond to one or more types of internal and or external stimuli.

5. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more types of cargo elements, we a plurality of cargo elements.

6. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , comprising one or more types of coatings on part or the entirety of cage and or one or all or a subset of cargo elements.

7. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein cage, and or one or all or a subset of cargo elements, are physically and or functionally incorporated in whole or in part in one or more types of elements.

8. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein cage, and or one or all or a subset of cargo elements are stable and or viable for an approximate and or specified period of time.

9. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein the self-assembling plurality of protein molecules is comprised of Clathrin molecule, in whole or in part.

10. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein the self-assembling plurality of protein molecules is comprised of a coatomer I/II molecules, in whole or in part.

11. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein the cage is substantially greater than one nanometer in diameter.

12. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein the cage is at least about 50 nanometers in diameter.

13. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein the cage is at least about 100 nanometers in diameter.

14. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein the elements comprise a platform comprised of a plurality of isolated bio-nanoparticle elements each having a cage defining a cavity formed from a plurality of self-assembling purified protein molecules, and one or more cargo elements of one or more types located within the cavity, in vitro and or in vivo.

15. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein cage is empty and includes no cargo elements.

16. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein cage produces ordered scaffolding, creating self-assembling multi-layer structures having one or more dimensions.

17. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein cage, and or one or all or a subset of cargo elements, form non-permeable, permeable, and or semi-permeable cavities.

18. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein cage has icosahedral geometry.

19. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein cage and or one or all or a subset of the cargo elements are comprised of recombinant and or synthetic biological elements, in whole or in part.

20. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein cage and or one or all or a subset of the cargo elements effect one or more self-modifying behaviors and actions of one or more types.

21. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein cage inhibits charge transfer between cage and its enclosed cargo and or prevents cage distortion.

22. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein more than one bio-nanoparticle element is physically and or functionally linked together.

23. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more types of externally and or self directed methods, executing one or more types of functions comprise a plurality of methods and or functions.

24. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 7 , wherein, the incorporated elements comprise a plurality of elements, in vitro and or in vivo.

25. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 14 , wherein the plurality of cargo elements of a subset of the bin-nanoparticle elements are a plurality of cargo elements.

26. An isolated bio-nanoparticle-element according to claim 14 , wherein, a plurality of bio-nanoparticle elements are physically and or functionally incorporated in whole or in part in one or more types of elements, in vitro and or in vivo.

27. An isolated bio-nanoparticle element according to claim 26 , wherein, the incorporated elements comprise a plurality of element.

28. An method for forming an isolated bin-nanoparticle element comprising

forming a cage defining a cavity, up to 100 nanometers in diameter, formed from a plurality of self-assembling purified Clathrin protein molecules and or purified coatomerI/II protein molecules

and one or more types of cargo elements located within the cavity, and,

wherein at least one of the elements, under the guidance of one or more externally and or self-directed methods, executes one or more functions and or effects one or more ends in vivo and or in vitro.