Mannose-6-phosphate receptor mediated gene transfer into muscle cells
The invention relates to glycoside-compound conjugates for use in antisense strategies and/or gene therapy. The conjugates comprise a glycoside linked to a compound, in which the glycoside is a ligand capable of binding to a mannose-6-phosphate receptor of a muscle cell. For example the cells are muscle cells of a Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) patient and the conjugate comprises an antisense oligonucleotide which causes exon skipping and induces or restores the synthesis of dystrophin or variants thereof.
1 . A method for delivering an oligonucleotide or oligonucleotide equivalent into the nucleus of cells comprising an insulin-like growth factor II/mannose-6-phosphate receptor (IGF-II/MPR), said method comprising contacting a glycoside-oligonucleotide conjugate, wherein said glycoside is a ligand capable of binding to a mannose-6-phosphate receptor with said cells.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein said oligonucleotide or oligonucleotide equivalent is selected from the group consisting of RNA, DNA, morpholino, 2′-O-methyl RNA, or 2′-O-allyl RNA, Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) and Locked Nucleic Acid (LNA).
3 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein said oligonucleotide or oligonucleotide equivalent comprises a length of at least 10 nucleotides identical or complementary to a human dystrophin gene.
4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein said glycoside is a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide, or any higher order saccharide, and wherein said saccharide comprises at least one mannose-6-phosphate residue.
5 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein said glycoside is selected from the group consisting of a bi-antennary, a tri-antennary and a tetra-antennary oligosaccharide comprising mono-, di- or tri-saccharides or any higher order saccharides, wherein said saccharides comprise at least one mannose-6-phosphate residue.
6 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein said glycoside is linked to said oligonucleotide or oligonucleotide equivalent via a labile spacer that can be cleaved intracellularly.
7 . The method according to claim 1 wherein said cells are muscle cells of a patient selected from the group consisting of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Beckers Muscular Dystrophy, spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), bethlem myopathy, myotubular myopathy, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2 A and 2 B, Miyoshi myopathy, myotonic dystrophy, lysosomal storage disorders and merosin deficient muscular dystrophy, and said contacting of said glycoside-oligonucleotide conjugate with said cells is by administration to said patient of a therapeutically effective amount of said glycoside-oligonucleotide conjugate together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
8 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein said cells are muscle cells of a Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) patient and wherein said oligonucleotide or oligonucleotide equivalent is an antisense oligonucleotide which causes exon skipping and induces or restores the synthesis of dystrophin or variants thereof.
9 . The method according to claim 1 wherein said oligonucleotide or oligonucleotide equivalent induces the synthesis or functioning of any RNA species in muscle cells, by inhibiting or reducing the activity of RNAs or proteins repressing the synthesis or functioning of said RNA species.
10 . The method according to claim 1 wherein said oligonucleotide or oligonucleotide equivalent reduces the synthesis or functioning of any RNA species in muscle cells which causes disease or predisposition of disease, whereby said oligonucleotide inhibits the synthesis or functioning of said RNA species.
11 . The method according to claim 1 wherein said oligonucleotide is a polynucleotide which induces the synthesis or functioning of RNAs or proteins in muscle cells thereby alleviating diseases or predisposition of disease.
12 . The method according to claim 11 wherein the polynucleotide is non-covalently conjugated to the glycoside via a cationic entity that complexes nucleic acids.
13 . The method according to claim 1 wherein the glycoside-oligonucleotide conjugate further comprises a marker.
14 . The method according to claim 13 for in vivo or in vitro diagnostic tests said method further comprising detecting directly or indirectly the presence or absence of said marker.
15 . The method according to claim 1 wherein the oligonucleotide is a vaccin.
16 . A conjugate comprising a glycoside linked to an oligonucleotide or oligonucleotide equivalent, said glycoside being a ligand capable of binding to a mannose-6-phosphate receptor of a muscle cell and said oligonucleotide or oligonucleotide equivalent comprising at least 10 nucleotides identical or complementary to a human dystrophin gene.
17 . The conjugate according to claim 16 , wherein said oligonucleotide or oligonucleotide equivalent is selected from the group consisting of RNA, DNA, morpholino, 2′-O-methyl RNA, or 2′-O-allyl RNA, Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) and Locked Nucleic Acid (LNA).
18 . The conjugate according to claim 16 , wherein said glycoside is a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide, or any higher order saccharide, and wherein said saccharide comprises at least one mannose-6-phosphate residue.
19 . The conjugate according to claim 16 , wherein said glycoside is a bi-antennary or tri-antennary oligosaccharide comprising mono-, di- or tri-saccharides or any higher order saccharides, wherein said saccharides comprise at least one mannose-6-phosphate residue.
20 . The conjugate according to claim 16 , wherein said glycoside is linked to said oligonucleotide or oligonucleotide equivalent via a labile spacer that can be cleaved intracellularly.
21 . The conjugate according to claim 16 wherein the oligonucleotide is a polynucleotide in the form of an expression cassette suitable for gene therapy.
22 . The conjugate according to claim 21 wherein the polynucleotide is non-covalently conjugated to the glycoside via a cationic entity that complexes nucleic acids.