Piston with oxidation catalyst
View Patent ↗Pistons reciprocating in cylinders of a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine tend to trap air and unburned fuel between the top of the piston head and its enclosing cylinder wall. The circumferential side surface (or land) of the piston head above its upper piston ring groove is provided with a thin coating of porous aluminum oxide. Particles of an oxidation catalyst for the engine's fuel are electrolytically deposited in the pores of the oxide coating. During engine operation the oxide-supported catalyst particles promote combustion of the entrained fuel.
1. An aluminum alloy piston for reciprocation in a cylinder bore of a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine, the piston comprising:
a piston head with a top surface and a circumferential side surface between the top surface and a piston ring groove spaced from the top surface;
the circumferential side surface comprising a porous coating of aluminum oxide and particles of an oxidation catalyst for the fuel within the pores of the aluminum oxide coating.
2. An aluminum alloy piston as recited in claim 1 in which the coating of aluminum oxide is at least about two microns thick.
3. An aluminum alloy piston as recited in claim 1 in which the oxidation catalyst is a noble metal.
4. An aluminum alloy piston as recited in claim 1 in which the oxidation catalyst is platinum.
5. An aluminum alloy piston as recited in claim 1 in which the aluminum oxide coating was formed by electrolytic anodization.
6. An aluminum alloy piston as recited in claim 1 in which the porous coating of aluminum oxide was formed by electrolytic deposition and the particles of oxidation catalyst were deposited in the porous coating of aluminum oxide by subsequent electrolytic deposition.
7. A method of making an aluminum alloy piston for reciprocation in a cylinder bore of a cylinder block of a hydrocarbon-fueled internal combustion engine, the piston comprising a piston head with a top surface and a circumferential side surface between the top surface and a piston ring groove spaced from the top surface; the method comprising:
electrolytically forming a layer of porous aluminum oxide on the circumferential land surface portion; and then
electrolytically depositing particles of an oxidation catalyst in the pores of the aluminum oxide layer.
8. A method of making an aluminum alloy piston as recited in claim 7 comprising forming the layer of porous aluminum oxide while immersing the piston as an anode in an aqueous electrolyte bath.
9. A method of making an aluminum alloy piston as recited in claim 7 comprising forming the layer of porous aluminum oxide while immersing the piston as an anode in an aqueous electrolyte bath containing sulfuric acid.
10. A method of making an aluminum alloy piston as recited in claim 7 comprising depositing particles of an oxidation catalyst in the pores of the aluminum oxide layer by immersing the piston as a cathode in an electrolyte of catalyst cations and depositing the catalyst particles in the pores of the aluminum oxide by electrolytic reduction of the catalyst cations.
11. A method of making an aluminum alloy piston as recited in claim 7 comprising depositing particles of an oxidation catalyst in the pores of the aluminum oxide layer by immersing the piston as a cathode in a sulfuric acid containing electrolyte of catalyst cations and depositing the catalyst particles in the pores of the aluminum oxide by reduction of the cations.
12. A method of making an aluminum alloy piston as recited in claim 7 comprising depositing particles of platinum in the pores of the aluminum oxide layer by immersing the piston as a cathode in a sulfuric acid containing electrolyte of platinum cations and depositing platinum particles in the pores of the aluminum oxide by electrolytic reduction of platinum cations.