Anti-microbial and antifungal fluid conduits and methods of manufacture thereof
Antimicrobial/antifungal fluid conduits (are extruded, co-extruded, molded and/or otherwise thermoformed or thermoset), and films formed on non-thermoplastic conduit walls. One or more inorganic antimicrobial agents are selectively dispersed and concentrated near a surface at which antimicrobial/antifungal properties are desired. The agents resist wear from repeated fluid flows through embedding in a thin thermoplastic layer disposed upon the conduit wall. The fluid conduits preferably comprise high tenacity polymers (e.g. PET, PE, PP, ABS, PVC, Styrene, EVA) in at least one structurally supportive layer and the same or other thermoplastic or thermoset polymer in the thin inner layer including the antimicrobial agents.
1 . An antimicrobial fluid conduit, comprising:
a wall defining a fluid pathway, the wall including a surface upon which is disposed a plastic polymer layer having dispersed therein antimicrobial particles, the plastic polymer layer having a thickness between about 1.73 to 2.5 times the nominal size of the antimicrobial particles so as to substantially constrain the antimicrobial particles to a region at a surface of the plastic polymer layer.
2 . The antimicrobial fluid conduit of claim 1 , wherein the surface is the inner surface of the wall.
3 . The antimicrobial fluid conduit of claim 1 , wherein the surface is the outer surface of the wall.
4 . The antimicrobial fluid conduit of claim 1 , wherein:
the wall is composed of a plastic polymer; and
the wall and the plastic polymer layer having been adhered through co-extrusion.
5 . The antimicrobial fluid conduit of claim 1 , wherein the wall is composed of one or more polymers selected from the group consisting of thermoformable polymers and thermosetting polymers.
6 . The antimicrobial fluid conduit of claim 1 , wherein the plastic polymer layer is composed of one or more polymers selected from the group consisting of thermoformable polymers and thermosetting polymers.
7 . The antimicrobial fluid conduit of claim 1 , wherein the antimicrobial particles include one or more inorganic antimicrobial additives.
8 . The antimicrobial fluid conduit of claim 7 , wherein the antimicrobial particles comprise a combination of copper and silver particles.
9 . The antimicrobial fluid conduit of claim 1 , wherein the antimicrobial particles are carried in a carrier selected from the group consisting of zeolites, zirconium phosphate and dissolvable glass.
10 . The antimicrobial fluid conduit of claim 1 , wherein the wall defines a substantially circular cross-sectional area having a diameter ranging from about 0.1 inches to 18 feet.
11 . The antimicrobial fluid conduit of claim 1 , wherein in the wall defines a hollow tube.
12 . The antimicrobial fluid conduit of claim 1 , wherein the wall comprises a pipe.
13 . The antimicrobial fluid conduit of claim 1 , wherein:
the wall comprises a metallic pipe; and
the plastic layer comprises a subsequently applied film.
14 . The antimicrobial fluid conduit of claim 1 , wherein the plastic polymer layer further includes additives embedded therein selected from the group consisting of hydrophilic materials, hydrophobic materials, flame retarders, anti-odor additives, and anti-stain materials.