Elastomeric bicomponent fibers comprising block copolymers having high flow
View Patent ↗Bicomponent fibers having a sheath-core morphology where the sheath is a thermoplastic polymer and the core is an elastomeric compound are made which can be continuously extruded from the melt at high production rates. The elastomeric compound comprises a coupled, selectively hydrogenated block copolymer having high flow. The block copolymer has at least one polystyrene block of molecular weight from 5,000 to 7,000 and at least one polydiene block of molecular weight from 20,000 to 70,000 and having a high vinyl content of 60 mol % or greater. The bicomponent fibers are useful for the manufacture of articles such as woven fabrics, spun bond non-woven fabrics or filters, staple fibers, yarns and bonded, carded webs. The bicomponent fibers can be made using a process comprising coextrusion of the thermoplastic polymer and elastomeric compound to produce fibers at greater than 800 mpm and having a denier from 0.1 to 50 g/9000 m.
1. A bicomponent fiber comprising a thermoplastic polymer sheath and an elastomeric compound core wherein the elastomeric compound core comprises a selectively hydrogenated block copolymer having an S block and an E or E1 block and having the general formula:
S-E-S, (S-E 1 ) n , (S-E1) n S, (S-E1) n X
or mixtures thereof, wherein:
a. Prior to hydrogenation the S block is a polystyrene block;
b. Prior to hydrogenation the E block is a polydiene block, selected from the group consisting of polybutadiene, polyisoprene and mixtures thereof, having a molecular weight from 40,000 to 70,000;
c. Prior to hydrogenation the E 1 block is a polydiene block, selected from the group consisting of polybutadiene, polyisoprene, and mixtures thereof, having a molecular weight from 20,000 to 35,000;
d. N has a value of 2 to 6 and X is the residue of a coupling agent;
e. The styrene content of the block copolymer is from 13 to 25 weight percent;
f. The vinyl content of the polydiene block prior to hydrogenation is from 70 to 85 mol percent;
g. The block copolymer includes less than 15 weight percent of units having the general formula:
S-E or S-E 1
Wherein S, E and E 1 are as already defined;
h. Subsequent to hydrogenation about 0 to 10% of the styrene double bonds have been hydrogenated and at least 80% of the conjugated diene double bonds have been hydrogenated;
i. The molecular weight of each of the S blocks is from 5,000 to 7,000; and
j. The melt index of the block copolymer is greater than or equal to 12 grams/10 minutes according to ASTM D1238 at 230 C and 2.16 kg weight.
2. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 wherein the block copolymer has an order-disorder transition temperature (ODT) of less than 250 C.
3. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 wherein the polystyrene content of the block copolymer is from 15 to 24 weight percent.
4. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 wherein the polydiene blocks E and E 1 have a vinyl content from 73 to 83 mol percent.
5. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 wherein the molecular weight of the polystyrene block S is from 5,800 to 6,600.
6. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 wherein the E block is polybutadiene having a molecular weight from 45, 000 to 60,000, or the E 1 block is two or more coupled polybutadiene blocks, each of the polybutadiene blocks, prior to being coupled, has a molecular weight from 22,500 to 30,000.
7. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 wherein the structure of the selectivity hydrogenated block copolymer is (S-E 1 ) n X and the block copolymer contains less than 10% of an uncoupled S-E 1 species.
8. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 wherein the coupling agent is selected from the group consisting of tetramethoxy silane, tetraethoxy silane, tetrabutoxy silane, tetrakis(2-ethylhexyloxy) silane, methyl trimethoxy silane, methyl triethoxy silane, isobutyl trimethoxy silane and phenyl trimethoxy silane.
9. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 wherein the elastomeric compound core is further comprised of up to 50% by weight of a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, linear low density polyethylene, polyamides, poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(butylenes terephthalate), and poly(trimethylene terephthalate).
10. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 wherein the volume ratio of thermoplastic polymer sheath to elastomeric compound core is from 5/95 to 49/51.
11. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 wherein the melt flow rate of the block copolymer is at least 15 g/10 min at 230° C. and 2.16 kg weight according to ASTM D1238.
12. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 wherein the melt flow rate of the block copolymer is at least 40 g/10 min at 230° C. and 2.16 kg weight according to ASTM D1238.
13. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, linear low density polyethylene, polyamides, poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(butylenes terephthalate), and poly(trimethylene terephthalate).
14. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic polymer is polypropylene having a melt flow of at least 20 g/10 min at 230° C. and 2.16 kg according to ASTM D1238.
15. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic polymer is linear low density polyethylene having a melt flow of at least 25 g/10 min at 230° C. and 2.16 kg according to ASTM D1238.
16. The bicomponent fiber of claim 1 comprising an article which is an elastic mono-filament, a woven fabric, a spun bond non-woven fabric, a melt-blown non-woven fabric or filter, a stable fiber, a yarn or a bonded, carded web.
17. The article of claim 16 which is a disposable garment.
18. The article of claim 16 which is a diaper, waist band or stretch panel.
19. The article of claim 16 which is a medical article.
20. The article of claim 16 which is a personal hygiene article.
21. The article of claim 16 which is a filter.