Valve timing control apparatus for internal combustion engine and control method thereof

1. A valve timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine comprising:

a variable valve timing mechanism which varies an opening-and-closing timing of an intake valve and/or an exhaust valve of an engine; and

a control unit which sets a target opening-and-closing timing, and which controls said variable valve timing mechanism such that said opening-and-closing timing is set to said target opening-and-closing timing, wherein

said control unit, at a time of starting the engine, sets a starting time timing which is at a further advance side than a maximum retard timing in which said opening-and-closing timing is retarded at the maximum to said target opening-and-closing timing, and at a time of stopping the engine, sets said starting time timing to said target opening-and-closing timing.

2. A valve timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 , wherein

the control unit stores a manipulated variable outputted to said variable valve timing mechanism as a stopping time manipulated variable directly before stopping the engine, and in a state in which said opening-and-closing timing is converged into said starting time timing, and

sets a starting time manipulated variable to be outputted to said variable valve timing mechanism at the time of starting the engine on the basis of said stored stopping time manipulated variable.

3. A valve timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2 , wherein

said starting time manipulated variable is calculated by adding a feedback manipulated variable based on a deviation between said starting time timing and an actual opening-and-closing timing to said stored stopping time manipulated variable.

4. A valve timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 further comprising

an opening-and-closing timing detecting unit which can detect said opening-and-closing timing in an arbitrary timing, wherein

the control unit controls said variable valve timing mechanism on the basis of an opening-and-closing timing detected by said opening-and-closing timing detecting unit.

5. A valve timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 4 , wherein

said variable valve timing mechanism is a structure in which said opening-and-closing timing is made to vary by varying a rotational phase of a camshaft of said intake valve or exhaust valve with respect to a crankshaft of the engine, and

said opening-and-closing timing detecting unit detects a rotational phase of said camshaft with respect to said crankshaft.

6. A valve timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 5 , wherein

said opening-and-closing timing detecting unit comprises

a permanent magnet provided at one of said crankshaft and said camshaft, and

a yoke member which is provided at the other of said crankshaft and said camshaft, and which is formed such that a magnetic flux density of a magnetic field from a center of a magnetic pole of said permanent magnet is varied in accordance with a relative rotation of said crankshaft and said camshaft, and

detects said rotational phase on the basis of a variation in the magnetic flux density.

7. A valve timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 6 , wherein

said opening-and-closing timing detecting unit comprises a Hall element which detects a variation in the magnetic flux density.

8. A valve timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 5 , wherein

said opening-and-closing timing detecting unit comprises

a first rotational angle sensor which detects a rotational angle of said crankshaft, and

a second rotational angle sensor which can detect a rotational angle of said camshaft in an arbitrary timing, and

detects said rotational phase on the basis of output signals from said first rotational angle sensor and said second rotational angle sensor.

9. A valve timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 8 further comprising

a rotator which rotates along with said camshaft, and in which a distance from a center of the camshaft to an outer periphery thereof varies in a circumferential direction, wherein

said second rotational angle sensor detects a rotational angle of said camshaft in accordance with a gap formed between the outer periphery of said rotator.

10. A valve timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine comprising:

a variable valve timing mechanism which varies an opening-and-closing timing of an intake valve and/or an exhaust valve of an engine;

a temperature sensor which detects an engine temperature; and

a control unit which sets a target opening-and-closing timing, and which controls said variable valve timing mechanism such that said opening-and-closing timing is made to be said target opening-and-closing timing, wherein

said control unit, at a time of starting the engine, sets a starting time timing which is at a further advance side than a maximum retard timing in which said opening-and-closing timing is retarded at the maximum to said target opening-and-closing timing, and sets a starting time manipulated variable to be outputted to said variable valve timing mechanism on the basis of a manipulated variable set in advance in accordance with an engine temperature.

11. A valve timing control apparatus for an internal combustion engine comprising:

a variable valve timing mechanism which varies an opening-and-closing timing of an intake valve and/or an exhaust valve of an engine;

target opening-and-closing timing setting means, at a time of starting an engine, for setting a starting time timing which is at a further advance side than a maximum retard timing in which said opening-and-closing timing is retarded at the maximum to a target opening-and-closing timing, and at a time of stopping an engine as well, for setting said starting time timing to the target opening-and-closing timing; and

driving means for driving said variable valve timing mechanism such that said opening-and-closing timing is made to be a set target opening-and-closing timing.

12. A valve timing control method for an internal combustion engine comprising the steps of:

at a time of starting the engine, controlling an opening-and-closing timing of an intake valve and/or an exhaust valve of an engine to be a starting time timing which is at a further advance side than a maximum retard timing which is retarded at the maximum; and

at the time of stopping the engine as well, controlling said opening-and-closing timing to be the starting time timing.

13. A control method according to claim 12 further comprising the steps of:

storing a manipulated variable outputted to the variable valve timing mechanism varying said opening-and-closing timing as a stopping time manipulated variable in a state in which said opening-and-closing timing is converged into said starting time timing; and

setting a starting time manipulated variable to be outputted to said variable valve timing mechanism at the time of starting the engine on the basis of the stored stopping time manipulated variable.

14. A control method according to claim 13 , wherein

said starting time manipulated variable is calculated by adding a feedback manipulated variable based on a deviation between said starting time timing and an actual opening-and-closing timing to said stored stopping time manipulated variable.

15. A control method according to claim 12 further comprising the step of

controlling said variable valve timing mechanism on the basis of an opening-and-closing timing detected in an arbitrary timing.

16. A control method according to claim 15 , wherein

said variable valve timing mechanism is a structure in which said opening-and-closing timing is made to vary by varying a rotational phase of a camshaft of the intake valve or the exhaust valve with respect to a crankshaft of the engine, and

a rotational phase of said camshaft with respect to said crankshaft is detected as said opening-and-closing timing.

17. A control method according to claim 16 further comprising the step of

detecting said rotational phase on the basis of a variation in a magnetic flux density of a magnetic field from a center of a magnetic pole of a permanent magnet provided at one of said crankshaft and said camshaft which relatively rotate to a yoke member provided at the other of said crankshaft and said camshaft.

18. A control method according to claim 17 further comprising the step of

detecting a variation in said magnetic flux density by a Hall element.

19. A control method according to claim 16 further comprising the steps of:

detecting a rotational angle of said crankshaft and a rotational angle of said camshaft; and

detecting said rotational phase on the basis of the rotational angle of said crankshaft and the rotational angle of said camshaft which were detected.

20. A control method according to claim 19 further comprising the steps of:

detecting a variation in a gap between an outer periphery of an rotator rotating along with said camshaft, and

detecting a rotational position of said camshaft on the basis of a detected variation in the gap.

21. A valve timing control method for an internal combustion engine, wherein

at a time of starting an engine, a starting time manipulated variable is set on the basis of a manipulated variable set in advance in accordance with an engine temperature, the set starting time manipulated variable is outputted to a variable valve timing mechanism which varies an opening-and-closing timing of an intake valve or an exhaust valve of the engine, and said opening-and-closing timing is controlled to be a starting time timing which is at a further advance side than a maximum retard timing which is retarded at the maximum.