Low phase shift implementation of the baseband circuitry of a Cartesian feedback loop
View Patent ↗A circuit is provided that includes a Cartesian feedback loop. The Cartesian feedback loop includes one or more operational amplifiers. At least one of the operational amplifiers includes two or more cascaded amplifier stages and one or more bypass amplifier stages. The bypass amplifier stages are connected in parallel with the cascaded amplifier stages.
1. A circuit comprising:
a Cartesian feedback loop, the Cartesian feedback loop including one or more operational amplifiers, wherein at least one of the one or more operational amplifiers comprises
two or more cascaded amplifier stages; and
one or more bypass amplifier stages connected in parallel with the two or more cascaded amplifier stages.
2. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the two or more cascaded amplifier stages are configured such that a gain roll-off of the respective operational amplifier is above 20 decibels per decade for a range of frequencies.
3. The circuit of claim 2 , wherein the range of frequencies includes a crossover frequency of the Cartesian feedback loop.
4. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the two or more cascaded amplifier stages comprises two cascaded amplifier stages.
5. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the one or more bypass amplifier stages comprises one bypass amplifier stage.
6. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the Cartesian feedback loop includes an I-loop, the I-loop carrying an in-phase signal, a Q-loop, the Q-loop carrying a quadrature signal, and a phase rotator, the phase rotator keeping the I-loop and the Q-loop uncoupled.
7. The circuit of claim 6 , wherein the two or more cascaded amplifier stages and the one or more bypass amplifier stages are included in the phase rotator.
8. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the two or more cascaded amplifier stages or the one or more bypass amplifier stages comprises a common-source amplifier.
9. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the two or more cascaded amplifier stages or the one or more bypass amplifier stages comprises a common source amplifier followed by common-gate amplifier.
10. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the Cartesian feedback loop includes a forward-path amplifier in a forward path of the Cartesian feedback loop, the two or more cascaded amplifier stages and the one or more bypass amplifier stages being included in the forward-path amplifier.
11. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the Cartesian feedback loop includes a feedback amplifier in a feedback path of the Cartesian feedback loop, the two or more cascaded amplifier stages and the one or more bypass amplifier stages being included in the feedback amplifier.
12. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein the Cartesian feedback loop includes a loop filter to filter a signal in a forward path of the Cartesian feedback loop, the two or more cascaded amplifier stages and the one or more bypass amplifier stages being included in the loop filter.
13. The circuit of claim 1 , wherein a current in at least one of the two or more cascaded amplifier stages or the one or more bypass amplifier stages is recycled in at least another one of the two or more cascaded amplifier stages or the one or more bypass amplifier stages.