Method of manufacture of integrated optical devices
A hybrid sol-gel material is placed in optical contact with two optical surfaces and the surfaces are precisely aligned as necessary to meet desired optical specifications. The sol-gel material filling the gap between the surfaces is then cured, such as by exposure to UV radiation. This allows, for example, the fabrication of a solid-spaced etalon filter where the spacer layer of the etalon is formed with sol-gel material to a precise dimension defined by the alignment of the optical surfaces. The optical properties of the hybrid-glass structure formed between the optical surfaces may be fine tuned by varying the exposure of the sol-gel material to the curing agent. Furthermore, the hybrid-glass structure of the invention can be patterned using standard photolithographic techniques.
1 . A method of manufacturing an integrated optical device comprising the following steps:
placing a curable material between and in contact with two optical surfaces of the device, said surfaces being disposed in a predetermined relative alignment designed to produce a target optical response; and
curing the material to form a solid spacer between the surfaces.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said device is a solid-spaced etalon and the two optical surfaces are aligned parallel to one another at a distance designed to produce a predetermined spectral response.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said device is a diffractive device and the two optical surfaces are aligned with respect to one another in a configuration designed to produce a predetermined diffractive response.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said device is a refractive device and the two optical surfaces are aligned with respect to one another in a configuration designed to produce a predetermined refractive response.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said curing step is carried out by exposing the material to a source of radiation, and further including the steps of:
placing a mask in front of the material exposed to said radiation, said mask being adapted to block the radiation according to a predetermined pattern and create zones of unexposed material; and
after curing, removing the unexposed material from the solid spacer.
6 . The method of claim 5 , wherein said device is an air-spaced etalon and the two optical surfaces are aligned parallel to one another at a distance designed to produce a predetermined spectral response.
7 . The method of claim 5 , wherein said device is a re-entrant etalon and the two optical surfaces are aligned parallel to one another at a distance designed to produce a predetermined spectral response.
8 . The method of claim 1 , further including the steps of:
monitoring an optical response of the device during the curing step; and
terminating the curing step when the optical response substantially matches said target optical response.
9 . The method of claim 8 , wherein said device is a solid-spaced etalon and the two optical surfaces are aligned parallel to one another at a distance designed to produce a predetermined spectral response.
10 . The method of claim 8 , wherein said device is a refractive device and the two optical surfaces are aligned with respect to one another in a configuration designed to produce a predetermined refractive response.
11 . The method of claim 5 , further including the steps of:
monitoring an optical response of the device during the curing step; and
terminating the curing step when the optical response substantially matches said target optical response.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein said device is an air-spaced etalon and the two optical surfaces are aligned parallel to one another at a distance designed to produce a predetermined spectral response.
13 . The method of claim 11 , wherein said device is a re-entrant etalon and the two optical surfaces are aligned parallel to one another at a distance designed to produce a predetermined spectral response.
14 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said curable material is a hybrid glass material and said curing step is carried out by exposure to UV radiation.
15 . The method of claim 5 , wherein said curable material is a hybrid glass material and said curing step is carried out by exposure to UV radiation.
16 . The method of claim 7 , wherein said curable material is a hybrid glass material and said curing step is carried out by exposure to UV radiation.
17 . The method of claim 11 , wherein said curable material is a hybrid glass material and said curing step is carried out by exposure to UV radiation.
18 . A solid-spaced etalon manufactured according to the process of claim 1 .
19 . An air-spaced etalon manufactured according to the process of claim 1 .
20 . A re-entrant etalon manufactured according to the process of claim 1 .
21 . A refractive device manufactured according to the process of claim 1 .
22 . A diffractive device manufactured according to the process of claim 1.