Wireless local area network (WLAN) method and system for presence detection and location finding
View Patent ↗A wireless local area network (WLAN) method and system for presence detection provide a low-cost and WLAN-compatible means for detecting the presence of an asset without requiring full location-finding support within a WLAN environment. The presence of a transmitter is detected by examining the signal strength of a presence signal. The presence signal is WLAN-compatible, but does not require association of the transmitter with the WLAN and does not require a response from the WLAN. The presence signal may be transmitted on multiple WLAN channels for presence detection by multiple WLAN APs. The presence signals transmissions may be periodic or may be stimulated by a stimulus from the WLAN or external device that may or may not be coupled to the WLAN. Location finding can also be performed in combination with the signal strength presence detection.
1. A presence detection system incorporated within a wireless local area network (WLAN), comprising:
one or more WLAN access points each including a received signal strength measurement circuit and operating according to a revision of the IEEE 802.11 specification;
an asset transmitter for transmitting a broadcast/multicast presence signal, wherein said presence signal is transmitted on one or more channels of said WLAN, to which no receiving unit in the WLAN can make a response and for which no association with another unit of said WLAN is required, and wherein said asset transmitter comprises a sniffer circuit for detecting other WLAN transmissions and wherein said asset transmitter transmits said presence signal only when said sniffer circuit detects that said other transmissions are absent; and
an evaluator coupled to said one or more WLAN nodes for receiving signal strength values from each received signal strength measurement circuit within said one or more WLAN nodes and determining whether or not said asset transmitter is present in the vicinity of said one or more WLAN nodes in conformity with said signal strength values, whereby said presence signals can be detected by said access points without association of said asset transmitter with said WLAN while maintaining normal operation with other associated units of said WLAN.
2. The presence detection system of claim 1 , wherein said asset transmitter transmits said presence signal on multiple channels of said WLAN, and wherein said one or more WLAN nodes include nodes configured to receive on distinct ones of said multiple channels.
3. The presence detection system of claim 1 , wherein said asset transmitter transmits said presence signal while not associated with any of said WLAN access points.
4. The presence detection system of claim 1 , wherein said asset transmitter is associated with a given one of said access points, and said presence signal is transmitted on at least one other channel differing from a channel of said given access point, whereby said presence signal is received by one of said one or more WLAN nodes configured to receive on said at least one other channel.
5. The presence detection system of claim 1 , wherein said asset transmitter further comprises a stimulus receiver for receiving a stimulus other than a WLAN transmission and wherein said asset transmitter transmits said presence signal in response to said stimulus receiver receiving said stimulus.
6. The presence detection system of claim 5 , wherein said stimulus is a low-frequency tag exciter signal and said stimulus receiver is a magnetic field detector.
7. The presence detection system of claim 1 , wherein said asset transmitter is associated with an access point, and wherein said access point transmits a WLAN command for controlling transmission parameters of said presence signal including at least one of an enable/disable state of said presence signal, a rate of transmission of said presence signal and a power level of transmission of said presence signal.
8. The presence detection system of claim 1 , wherein said asset transmitter includes a receiver that scans multiple channels of said WLAN to select a channel for transmitting said presence signal by detecting an available one of said one or more access points.
9. The presence detection system of claim 1 , wherein said sniffer circuit further detects when said asset transmitter is in the presence of a WLAN, and wherein said presence signal is transmitted only after said presence of said WLAN has been detected.
10. A method of operating a wireless local area network (WLAN), comprising:
detecting via a sniffer circuit of an asset transmitter, whether or not a WLAN transmission is occurring;
in response to detecting that said WLAN transmission is not occurring, transmitting a broadcast/multicast presence signal from said asset transmitter, wherein said presence signal is transmitted on one or more channels of said WLAN, to which no receiving unit in the WLAN can make a response and for which no association with another unit of said WLAN is required;
receiving said presence signal at one or more access points of said WLAN, said access points operating according to a revision of the IEEE 802.11 specification;
determining a received signal strength of said presence signal at each of said one or more access point; and evaluating whether said asset transmitter is present in the vicinity of said one or more access points in conformity with said received signal strength, whereby said presence signals can be detected by said access points without association of said asset transmitter with said WLAN while maintaining normal operation with other associated units of said WLAN.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein said transmitting transmits said presence signal on multiple channels of said WLAN, and wherein said receiving receives said presence signal at multiple access points of said WLAN, each configured to receive said presence signal on a corresponding one of said multiple channels.
12. The method of claim 10 , further comprising associating said asset transmitter with a given one of said access points, and wherein said transmitting transmits said presence signal on at least one other channel differing from a channel of said given access point, whereby said presence signal is received by another one of said access points nodes configured to receive on said at least one other channel.
13. The method of claim 10 , further comprising receiving a stimulus other than a WLAN transmission at said asset transmitter, and wherein said transmitting transmits said presence signal in response to said receiving said stimulus.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein said stimulus is a low-frequency tag exciter signal.
15. The method of claim 10 , further comprising associating said asset transmitter with a given one of said access points, and wherein said given access point transmits a WLAN command for controlling transmission parameters of said presence signal including at least one of an enable/disable state of said presence signal, a rate of transmission of said presence signal and a power level of transmission of said presence signal.
16. The method of claim 10 , further comprising scanning multiple channels of said WLAN to select a channel for transmitting said presence signal by detecting an available one of said one or more access points.
17. The method of claim 10 , further comprising detecting via said sniffer circuit when said asset transmitter is in the presence of a WLAN, and wherein said transmitting is performed only after said presence of said WLAN has been detected.
18. The method of claim 10 , wherein said transmitting is performed without associating said asset transmitter with any WLAN access point.
19. A node for interacting with a wireless local area network (WLAN), comprising:
a transmitter for transmitting a broadcast/multicast presence signal, wherein said presence signal is transmitted on one or more channels of said WLAN, to which no receiving unit in the WLAN can make a response and for which no association with another unit of said WLAN is required;
a sniffer for detecting whether or not WLAN signals are present in said WLAN; and
a control circuit having an input coupled to an output of said sniffer and an output coupled to said transmitter for causing said transmitter to transmit said presence signal only when said sniffer detects that WLAN signals are not present.
20. The WLAN node of claim 19 , further comprising a stimulus receiver for receiving an external stimulus other than a WLAN transmission, and wherein said transmitter transmits said signal in further response to an output of said stimulus receiver.