Catalytic reactor having radial leaves
A reactor includes a plurality of metal leaves which extend from an interior of the reactor to its exterior. The leaves occupy a space between an internal mandrel and an external tube. In one embodiment, the leaves are generally flat pieces of foil, stacked together so that they do not touch except at spacers formed in the pieces. In another embodiment, the leaves are formed of a pleated and crimped foil, each leaf being defined by a piece of foil that has been folded over upon itself. In both embodiments, the leaves extend from the internal mandrel, radially outward to an inner surface of the tube. The reactor facilitates the transfer of heat between the outside of the reactor and its inside region.
1. A reactor comprising a plurality of metal leaves, each leaf extending from an interior region to an exterior region of the reactor, at least some of the leaves being at least partly coated with a catalyst, the interior region being bounded by a generally cylindrical pipe, the exterior region being bounded by a generally cylindrical tube, each leaf extending toward but not penetrating through the pipe, each leaf comprising (a) a flat central portion disposed in a central region between the pipe and the tube and (b) a first flat edge portion located between the central portion and the pipe and angled relative to the central portion, each first flat edge portion extending outwardly from the pipe and being interleaved between a pair of adjacent first flat edge portions.
2. The reactor of claim 1 , each leaf further comprising a second flat edge portion located between the central portion and the tube and angled relative to the central portion.
3. The reactor of claim 2 , said flat central portion having a first flat surface and an opposite second flat surface, said first flat edge portion angling toward said first flat surface, said second flat edge portion angling away from said first flat surface.
4. The reactor of claim 1 , each leaf having a crease where the first flat edge portion angles relative to the central portion.
5. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein the first flat edge portion makes an angle of less than about five degrees relative to the central portion.
6. The reactor of claim 1 , further comprising means for preventing the leaves from moving axially.
7. The reactor of claim 1 , wherein each leaf includes a spacer for maintaining a separation between the leaf and an adjacent leaf.
8. The reactor of claim 7 , wherein the spacer comprises a bump formed in the leaf, the bump of a given leaf being offset relative to a bump of an adjacent leaf.
9. The reactor of claim 1 , each leaf extending toward the tube but being free from mechanical fixation to the tube.
10. A reactor comprising a plurality of metal leaves, each leaf extending from an interior region to an exterior region of the reactor, at least some of the leaves being at least partly coated with a catalyst, the interior region being bounded by a generally cylindrical pipe, the exterior region being bounded by a generally cylindrical tube, each leaf extending toward but not penetrating through the pipe, each leaf being formed of a pleated metal foil, wherein each leaf comprises a pleat that has been folded over and pinched so that at least a terminal portion of the pleat is compressed together.
11. The reactor of claim 10 , wherein the foil forming the leaves is coated with catalyst only on one side, wherein the leaves are coated only on a side directed toward the exterior of the reactor.
12. The reactor of claim 10 , wherein the leaves are spaced apart from each other near the exterior region of the reactor, and wherein the leaves are compressed together near the interior region of the reactor.
13. The reactor of claim 10 , wherein each leaf includes a spacer for maintaining a separation between the leaf and an adjacent leaf.
14. The reactor of claim 2 , each leaf (a) having a crease where the first flat edge portion angles relative to the central portion, and (b) having a crease where the second flat edge portion angles relative to the central portion.
15. The reactor of claim 1 , each first flat edge portion extending substantially radially from the pipe.
16. The reactor of claim 10 , wherein each leaf comprises a pleat that has been folded over and compressed together along substantially the whole length of the leaf.
17. The reactor of claim 10 , further comprising means for preventing the leaves from moving axially.
18. The reactor of claim 13 , wherein the spacer comprises a bump formed in the leaf, the bump of a given leaf being offset relative to a bump of an adjacent leaf.