Compressible mixture, compressed pharmaceutical compositions, and method of preparation thereof
A compressible mixture prepared from a waxy filler, cellulose filler, or a mixture thereof and a disintegrant is disclosed for the preparation of compressed pharmaceutical compositions containing coated pellets. The resulting compressed compositions exhibit substantially the same dissolution profiles as the pellets in the absence of the compressible mixture.
1 . A compressed pharmaceutical composition, comprising:
a plurality of coated pellets, wherein the coated pellets comprise a pharmaceutically active agent or salt, solvate, hydrate, or polymorph thereof; and
a compressible mixture, wherein the compressible mixture comprises i) a non-water soluble waxy filler and ii) a disintegrant, and wherein the compressible mixture is in powder form, with the proviso that the compressible mixture is not prepared by extrusion, spheronization, high shear mixing, melt blending, melt pelletization, freeze-drying, or a combination thereof, and
wherein the compressed composition exhibits an in vitro dissolution profile according to a USP compendia method that is substantially the same as the dissolution of the coated pellets in the absence of the compressible mixture.
2 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein, after oral administration thereof to a mammal, the bioavailability of the pharmaceutically active agent from the compressed composition is substantially the same as the bioavailability of the pharmaceutically active agent achieved by the administration of the coated pellets in the absence of the compressible mixture.
3 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the USP compendia method is USP 28, <711> Dissolution, Apparatus 2, paddle, paddle speed of 100 rpm and 900 ml of 0.1 N HCl as a dissolution medium at 37° C.
4 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the waxy filler is carnauba wax, vegetable wax, fruit wax, microcrystalline wax, bees wax, hydrocarbon wax, paraffin wax, cetyl esters wax, non-ionic emulsifying wax, anionic emulsifying wax, candelilla wax, stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, cetostearyl alcohol, or combinations thereof; and
the disintegrant is cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose, crosslinked homopolymer of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, modified starches, sodium carboxymethyl starch, sodium starch glycolate, alginates, starch, pregelatinized starch, or combinations thereof.
5 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the waxy filler is powdered carnauba wax and the disintegrant is cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
6 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of waxy filler is about 25 to about 75 weight percent based on the total weight of the compressed pharmaceutical composition.
7 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of disintegrant is about 1 to about 5 weight percent based on the total weight of the compressed pharmaceutical composition.
8 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , further comprising an additional excipient, an additional disintegrant, a coating disposed on the surface of the compressed composition, or combinations thereof.
9 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 8 , wherein the additional excipient is a binder, a lubricant, a glidant, a compression aid, a colorant, a preservative, a flavor, or combinations thereof.
10 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the compressible mixture further comprises a cellulose filler.
11 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the compressible mixture further comprises microcrystalline cellulose in a weight ratio to the waxy filler of about 5:95 to about 40:60 (w/w).
12 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutically active agent or salt thereof is an alpha-2 adrenergic agent, an analgesic, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, an antianxiety agent, an antiarrhythmic, an antibacterial, an antibiotic, an antidepressant, an antidiabetic, an antiemetic, an antiepileptic, an antifungal, an antihelminthic, an antihistamine, an antihyperlipidemic, an antihypertensive agent, an antiinfective, an antimalarial, an antimicrobial, an antimigraine agent, an antimuscarinic agent, an antineoplastic agent, an antiprotozoal agent, an antipsychotic agent, an antispasmodic, an antiviral agent, an attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) agent, a β-blocker, a calcium channel blocker, a chemotherapeutic agent, a cholinesterase inhibitor, a Cox-2 inhibitor, a decongestant, a diuretic, a histamine-2 receptor antagonist, a hypnotic, a hypotensive agent, an immunosuppressant, a lipotropic, a neuroleptic, an opioid analgesic, a peripheral vasodilator/vasoconstrictor, a sedative, a serotonin receptor agonist, or pharmaceutically acceptable combinations thereof.
13 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the pharmaceutically active agent is amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, diltiazem, fluvastatin, hydromorphone, morphine, oxybutynin, oxycodone, paroxetine, propranolol, tolterodine, venlafaxine, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, hydrate, or polymorph thereof.
14 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the coated pellets comprise a coating prepared from alkyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxybutyl methyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate phthalate, carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose triacetate, cellulose sulphate sodium salt, poly(methyl methacrylate), poly (ethyl methacrylate), poly (butyl methacrylate), poly (isobutyl methacrylate), poly (hexyl methacrylate), poly (phenyl methacrylate), poly (methyl acrylate), poly (isopropyl acrylate), poly (isobutyl acrylate), poly (octadecyl acrylate), poly (ethylene), poly (ethylene) low density, poly (ethylene) high density, (poly propylene), poly (ethylene glycol), poly (ethylene oxide), poly (ethylene terephthalate), poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinyl isobutyl ether), poly(vinyl acetate), poly (vinyl chloride), polyvinyl pyrrolidone, or combinations thereof; and optionally further comprising a plasticizer.
15 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the coated pellets have an average diameter size of about 100 to about 3000 micrometers.
16 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the compressible mixture comprises particles having an average diameter size of about 0.1 to about 125 micrometers.
17 . The compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 , wherein the compressed pharmaceutical composition has a hardness value of at least about 8 kiloponds.
18 . A method of treating a mammal in need of a therapeutic amount of a pharmaceutical agent comprising administering orally the compressed pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 .
19 . A process of making a compressed pharmaceutical composition, comprising:
mixing a powdered, waxy filler and a disintegrant to form a compressible mixture, wherein the waxy filler is non-water soluble;
mixing the compressible mixture with a plurality of coated pellets to form a pellet mixture, wherein the coated pellets comprise a pharmaceutically active agent or salt, solvate, hydrate, or polymorph thereof; and
compressing the pellet mixture with conventional direct compression equipment, wherein the compression force is not more than about 25 kiloNewtons.
20 . A direct compression compressible mixture for forming compressed pharmaceutical compositions, comprising:
a mixture of a powdered waxy filler and a disintegrant, optionally further comprising a cellulose filler, a binder, a lubricant, a glidant, a compression aid, a colorant, a preservative, a flavor, or combinations thereof,
wherein the mixture has an average particle diameter of about 0.1 to about 125 micrometers, with the proviso that the compressible mixture is not prepared by extrusion, spheronization, high shear mixing, melt blending, melt pelletization, freeze-drying, or a combination thereof; and
wherein the compressible mixture is suitable for directly compressing mixtures of the compressible mixture and coated drug pellets with substantially no damage to the coated drug pellets.
21 . The compressible mixture of claim 20 , wherein the powdered waxy filler is camauba wax, vegetable wax, fruit wax, microcrystalline wax, bees wax, hydrocarbon wax, paraffin wax, cetyl esters wax, non-ionic emulsifying wax, anionic emulsifying wax, candelilla wax, stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, cetostearyl alcohol, polyethylene or combinations thereof; and
wherein the disintegrant is cross-linked sodium carboxymethylcellulose, crosslinked homopolymer of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone, modified starches, sodium carboxymethyl starch, sodium starch glycolate, alginates, starch, pregelatinized starch, and combinations thereof.