Method of brazing and article made therefrom
View Patent ↗A method of brazing stainless steel components to form a complex shape such as an impeller. The method includes the steps of providing the stainless steel components shaped and formed from a selected stainless steel alloy; providing a brazing alloy having a selected composition and compatibility with stainless steel; heating the stainless steel components and brazing alloy for a controlled time to a liquidus temperature to effect brazing; cooling the stainless steel components and brazing alloy to a quench temperature substantially lower than the liquidus temperature of the brazing alloy to provide a tensile strength of greater than about 20 Ksi in the brazing alloy; and quenching the assembly from the quench temperature to a temperature of less than about 400° F. in a given time to provide a brazed assembly free of distortion and cracks with desired mechanical properties in the stainless steel components by virtue of the thermal treatment.
1. An article produced by a method of forming a brazed joint between stainless steel components comprising the steps of:
(a) producing at least two stainless steel components of a martensitic or precipitation hardening composition and having a selected configuration;
(b) providing a brazing filler metal alloy comprising 80%-85% by weight Au and 15%-20% by weight Ni;
(c) placing the brazing filler metal alloy in or adjacent to a gap formed between the at least two stainless steel components to be joined;
(d) heating said stainless steel components and said brazing alloy in a controlled manner from an ambient temperature to a liquidus temperature of said brazing alloy to produce a brazed assembly;
(e) cooling said brazed assembly in a controlled manner from said liquidus temperature to a temperature of 1200° F.-1400° F. where said brazing alloy has achieved a desired strength level of at least 25 Ksi; and
(f) quenching said cooled, brazed assembly of step (e) to a temperature of less than 400° F.
2. The article of claim 1 in the form of an impeller assembly.
3. An impeller assembly made by a method of joining stainless steel components by brazing, comprising the steps of:
(a) providing at least two stainless steel components of a selected configuration and of a selected composition, selected from one of a 17Cr-4Ni PH alloy or a 13Cr-4Ni martensitic alloy;
(b) providing a brazing filler metal alloy comprising 80%-85% by weight Au and 15%-20% by weight Ni;
(c) placing the brazing filler metal alloy in or adjacent to a gap formed between the at least two stainless steel components to be joined;
(d) heating said stainless steel components and said brazing alloy over a period of time from 5 to 8 hours from an ambient temperature to a liquidus temperature of between 1740° F. to 2100° F.;
(e) cooling said brazed assembly over a period of time of from ½ to 5 hours from said liquidus temperature to a temperature of between 1200° F.-1400° F.; and
(f) quenching said cooled, brazed assembly of step (e) from the temperature of between 1200° F.-1400° F. to a temperature of less than 400° F. in a time of less than 2 hours.
4. An integral impeller assembly comprising: a hub, a cover, a plurality of blades integral with one of said hub or cover and each blade having an exposed edge surface facing one of the cover or hub, wherein said hub, cover and blades are formed from a stainless steel alloy selected from one of a type 17Cr-4Ni PH steel alloy and type 13Cr-4Ni steel alloy; a plurality of brazed joints located at the exposed edge surface of each of the blades wherein each of said brazed joints are formed from a brazing filler metal alloy comprising 80%-85% by weight Au and 15%-20% by weight Ni and having a tensile strength of greater than about 25 Ksi after quenching from a temperature lower than said liquidus temperature to prevent cracking of said brazing filler metal alloy and to provide desired mechanical properties in the stainless steel alloy.