Two light level ballast
View Patent ↗A ballast ( 100 ) for powering at least one gas discharge lamp ( 30 ) at two selectable light levels includes a sensing transformer ( 120 ) and a detector circuit ( 200 ). Detector circuit ( 200 ) provides an output voltage that is dependent on the states of two on-off switches (S 1 ,S 2 ) interposed between the ballast ( 100 ) and a conventional AC source ( 20 ). The output voltage of the detector circuit ( 200 ) is used to control the illumination level of the lamp ( 30 ).
1. A ballast for powering at least one gas discharge lamp from an alternating current (AC) voltage source, the ballast comprising:
a first hot input connection adapted for coupling to a hot wire of the AC voltage source via a first switch, the first switch having an on state and an off state;
a second hot input connection adapted for coupling to the hot wire of the AC voltage source via a second switch, the second switch having an on state and an off state;
a neutral input connection adapted for coupling to a neutral wire of the AC voltage source;
a sensing transformer coupled to the first and second hot input connections; and
a detector circuit coupled to the sensing transformer, the detector circuit being operable to provide an output voltage having a magnitude that is dependent on the states of the first and second switches.
2. The ballast of claim 1 , wherein the detector circuit is further operable such that:
(i) in response to both the first and second switches being in the on state, the magnitude of the output voltage is at a first level; and
(ii) in response to only one of the first and second switches being in the on state, the magnitude of the output voltage is at a second level.
3. The ballast of claim 2 , wherein the first level is approximately zero volts and the second level is approximately 15 volts.
4. The ballast of claim 1 , wherein the sensing transformer comprises:
a first primary winding electrically coupled to the first hot input connection, the first primary winding have a first polarity;
a second primary winding electrically coupled to the second hot input connection, wherein the second primary winding is magnetically coupled to the first winding and has a second polarity that is opposite that of the first polarity; and
a secondary winding electrically coupled to the detector circuit, wherein the secondary winding is magnetically coupled to the first and second primary windings.
5. The ballast of claim 4 , wherein the detector circuit comprises:
first and second input terminals coupled to the secondary winding of the sensing transformer, wherein the first input terminal is coupled to circuit ground;
first and second output terminals, wherein the second output terminal is coupled to circuit ground; and
a comparator having a non-inverting input, an inverting input, and a comparator output, wherein the non-inverting input is coupled to the second input terminal, the inverting input is coupled to a reference voltage, and the comparator output is coupled to the first output terminal.
6. The ballast of claim 5 , wherein the detector circuit further comprises:
a diode coupled between the second input terminal and the non-inverting input of the comparator;
a first resistor coupled between the non-inverting input of the comparator and circuit ground;
a capacitor coupled between the non-inverting input of the comparator and circuit ground;
a second resistor coupled between a direct current (DC) voltage source and the inverting input of the comparator;
a third resistor coupled between the inverting input of the comparator and circuit ground; and
a fourth resistor coupled between the comparator output and circuit ground.
7. A ballast for powering at least one gas discharge lamp from an alternating current (AC) voltage source, the ballast comprising:
a plurality of input connections, comprising:
a first hot input connection adapted for coupling to a hot wire of the AC voltage source via a first switch, the first switch having an on state and an off state;
a second hot input connection adapted for coupling to the hot wire of the AC voltage source via a second switch, the second switch having an on state and an off state; and
a neutral input connection adapted for coupling to a neutral wire of the AC voltage source;
first and second output connections adapted for coupling to the at least one gas discharge lamp;
a sensing transformer coupled to the first and second hot input connections;
an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter coupled to the sensing transformer and to the neutral input connection;
a full-wave rectifier circuit coupled to the EMI filter;
power factor correction (PFC) and inverter circuits coupled between the full-wave rectifier circuit and the first and second output connection; and
a detector circuit coupled to the sensing transformer and to the PFC and inverter circuits, the detector circuit being operable to provide an output voltage having a magnitude that is dependent on the states of the first and second switches.
8. The ballast of claim 7 , wherein the detector circuit is further operable such that:
(i) in response to both the first and second switches being in the on state, the magnitude of the output voltage is at a first level; and
(ii) in response to only one of the first and second switches being in the on state, the magnitude of the output voltage is at a second level.
9. The ballast of claim 8 , wherein the first level is approximately zero volts and the second level is approximately 15 volts.
10. The ballast of claim 7 , wherein the sensing transformer comprises:
a first primary winding electrically coupled to the first hot input connection, the first primary winding have a first polarity;
a second primary winding electrically coupled to the second hot input connection, wherein the second primary winding is magnetically coupled to the first winding and has a second polarity that is opposite that of the first polarity; and
a secondary winding electrically coupled to the detector circuit, wherein the secondary winding is magnetically coupled to the first and second primary windings.
11. The ballast of claim 10 , wherein the detector circuit comprises:
first and second input terminals coupled to the secondary winding of the sensing transformer, wherein the first input terminal is coupled to circuit ground;
first and second output terminals coupled to the PFC and inverter circuits, wherein the second output terminal is coupled to circuit ground; and
a comparator having a non-inverting input, an inverting input, and a comparator output, wherein the non-inverting input is coupled to the second input terminal, the inverting input is coupled to a reference voltage, and the comparator output is coupled to the first output terminal.
12. The ballast of claim 11 , wherein the detector circuit further comprises:
a diode coupled between the second input terminal and the non-inverting input of the comparator;
a first resistor coupled between the non-inverting input of the comparator and circuit ground;
a capacitor coupled between the non-inverting input of the comparator and circuit ground;
a second resistor coupled between a direct current (DC) voltage source and the inverting input of the comparator;
a third resistor coupled between the inverting input of the comparator and circuit ground; and
a fourth resistor coupled between the comparator output and circuit ground.
13. A ballast for powering at least one gas discharge lamp from an alternating current (AC) voltage source, the ballast comprising:
a plurality of input connections, comprising:
a first hot input connection adapted for coupling to a hot wire of the AC voltage source via a first switch, the first switch having an on state and an off state;
a second hot input connection adapted for coupling to the hot wire of the AC voltage source via a second switch, the second switch having an on state and an off state; and
a neutral input connection adapted for coupling to a neutral wire of the AC voltage source;
first and second output connections adapted for coupling to the at least one gas discharge lamp;
a sensing transformer, comprising:
a first primary winding electrically coupled to the first hot input connection, the first primary winding have a first polarity;
a second primary winding electrically coupled to the second hot input connection, wherein the second primary winding is magnetically coupled to the first winding and has a second polarity that is opposite that of the first polarity; and
a secondary winding electrically coupled to the detector circuit, wherein the secondary winding is magnetically coupled to the first and second primary windings;
an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter coupled to the sensing transformer and to the neutral input connection;
a full-wave rectifier circuit coupled to the EMI filter;
power factor correction (PFC) and inverter circuits coupled to the full-wave rectifier circuit; and
a detector circuit coupled to the sensing transformer and to the PFC and inverter circuits, the detector circuit comprising:
first and second input terminals coupled to the secondary winding of the sensing transformer, wherein the first input terminal is coupled to circuit ground;
first and second output terminals coupled to the PFC and inverter circuits, wherein the second output terminal is coupled to circuit ground;
a comparator having a non-inverting input, an inverting input, and a comparator output, wherein the comparator output is coupled to the first output terminal;
a diode coupled between the second input terminal and the non-inverting input of the comparator;
a first resistor coupled between the non-inverting input of the comparator and circuit ground;
a capacitor coupled between the non-inverting input of the comparator and circuit ground;
a second resistor coupled between a direct current (DC) voltage source and the inverting input of the comparator;
a third resistor coupled between the inverting input of the comparator and circuit ground; and
a fourth resistor coupled between the comparator output and circuit ground.
14. The ballast of claim 13 , wherein the detector circuit is operable such that:
(i) in response to both the first and second switches being in the on state, the magnitude of the output voltage is at a first level; and
(ii) in response to only one of the first and second switches being in the on state, the magnitude of the output voltage is at a second level.
15. The ballast of claim 14 , wherein the first level is approximately zero volts and the second level is approximately 15 volts.