Reflective cholesteric liquid crystal display with complementary light-absorbing layer
View Patent ↗A display sheet comprising a substrate carrying layers of material; including a polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid-crystal layer having a first high reflection state within a portion of the visible light spectrum and a second less-reflective state in said spectrum, said states being changeable by electric field between the two states which states can be maintained in the absence of an electric field; a first transparent conductor disposed over the polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid-crystal layer; a complementary light-absorbing layer below the polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid-crystal layer having relatively high light absorption within the spectrum of the high-reflection state of the polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid-crystal layer and having relatively less light absorption in the spectrum complementary to that of the high reflection state of the polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid-crystal layer; and a reflective second conductor under said complementary light-absorbing layer reflecting light received from the complementary light-absorbing layer back through the complementary light-absorbing layer.
1. A display comprising, in order from front to back wherein the front of display is viewable by an observer, the following:
a) an optional substrate;
b) transparent first conductors;
c) An imaging layer comprising polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid-crystal material transmitting light in a focal-conic state and reflecting light in a planar state to provide a liquid-crystal-derived first reflected light reaching the observer, and
d) a complementary light-absorbing layer;
e) a reflective surface reflecting light passing through the imaging layer and the complementary light-absorbing layer, back through the complementary light-absorbing layer, thereby providing a color-filtered second reflected light reaching the observer; and
f) second conductors optionally forming said reflective surface; wherein the complementary light-absorbing layer has a light absorbance such that, when the liquid-crystal material is in the planar state, the total reflected light reaching the observer, comprising both the liquid-crystal-derived first reflected light and the color-filtered second reflected light, is substantially more neutral than the liquid-crystal-derived light alone without the color-filtered second reflective light.
2. The display of claim 1 wherein the total reflected light from the display sheet with the imaging layer in the planar state has CIE tristimulus values X, Y and Z that are 20 percent closer to each other than the CIE tristimulus values of the liquid-crystal-derived light alone without the color-filtered second reflected light.
3. The display of claim 1 wherein the color-filtered second reflected light is substantially complementary to the liquid-crystal-derived first reflected light, thereby providing a total reflected light reaching the observer that is substantially neutral when the liquid-crystal material is in the planar state.
4. The display of claim 3 wherein the substantially neutral light exhibits CIE tristimulus values X, Y and Z that are within 20 percent of each other.
5. The display of claim 1 wherein the reflective surface for providing said color-filtered second reflected light is located immediately adjacent to the complementary light-absorbing layer.
6. The display of claim 1 wherein when the cholesteric liquid-crystal material is in the planar state a substantially neutral color is perceived by the observer, and when the cholesteric liquid-crystal material is in the focal-conic second state, a blue or bluish color is perceived by the observer.
7. The display of claim 1 wherein the complementary light-absorbing layer is less than 1 micrometer thick.
8. The display of claim 1 wherein the reflective surface reflects at least 50% of the light reaching it.
9. The display of claim 1 wherein the first and second conductors are patterned to produce an addressable matrix.
10. The display of claim 1 wherein said imaging layer comprises a cholesteric liquid-crystal material dispersed in a matrix comprising gelatin.
11. The display of claim 1 wherein the complementary light-absorbing layer comprises two or more differently hued pigments.
12. The display of claim 1 wherein at least one of the transparent first conductors comprises polythiophene.