Adaptive optical plane formation with rolling shutter
A scene is imaged by moving an optical lens relative to an image sensing surface (such as film or a pixel array) synchronously with exposing different portions of the image sensing surface. The synchronous actions are preferably adaptable to the scene being imaged, so objects at different object distances are focused at different times and exposed to different portions of the sensing surface at different times within an exposure frame period. Exposure time for the different portions of the sensor may be varied according to speed or brightness of the different objects in the scene to be imaged, as detected at the camera by measuring apparatus similar to auto focus distance measuring apparatus. A camera and a program of computer readable instructions are also detailed. Alternatives to moving the lens relative to the image sensing surface include changing a shape of the lens.
1. A method comprising:
manipulating an optical relationship between an optical lens and an image sensing surface so that the image sensing surface is spaced at different effective image distances from the lens; and
exposing different portions of the image sensing surface synchronous with manipulating the optical relationship by adaptively exposing said portions for different exposure periods based on detected movement of at least two objects.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the image sensing surface comprises an array of photosensitive pixels.
3. A method comprising:
manipulating an optical relationship between an optical lens and an image sensing surface so that the image sensing surface is spaced at different effective image distances from the lens; and
exposing different portions of the image sensing surface synchronous with manipulating the optical relationship by adaptively exposing said portions for different exposure periods based on detected brightness of at least two objects.
4. A method comprising:
manipulating an optical relationship between an optical lens and an image sensing surface so that the image sensing surface is spaced at different effective image distances from the lens; and
exposing different portions of the image sensing surface synchronous with manipulating the optical relationship,
wherein the image sensing surface comprises an array of pixels in adjacent rows, wherein a first portion of the array is exposed while the image sensing surface is at a first effective image distance, and a second portion of the array is exposed while the sensing surface is at a second effective image distance, and wherein at least one pixel of the first portion is in a same row of the array as at least one pixel of the second portion.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein at least one of manipulating the optical relationship and exposing different portions of the image sensing surface are adaptive to objects in a scene to be imaged at the sensing surface.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein exposing different portions of the image sensing surface comprises adaptively exposing said portions based on at least a detected first and second object distance.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein manipulating the optical relationship comprises manipulating between a first effective image distance and a second effective image distance, wherein the first and second effective image distances correspond respectively to the first and second object distances.
8. The method of claim 4 , wherein manipulating the optical relationship comprises moving at least one of the lens and the sensing surface relative to one another.
9. A method comprising:
manipulating an optical relationship between an optical lens and an image sensing surface so that the image sensing surface is spaced at different effective image distances from the lens; and
exposing different portions of the image sensing surface synchronous with manipulating the optical relationship,
wherein manipulating the optical relationship synchronously with exposing operates to impose an effective curvature to the sensing surface that approximates a Petzval surface.
10. A method comprising:
manipulating an optical relationship between an optical lens and an image sensing surface so that the image sensing surface is spaced at different effective image distances from the lens; and
exposing different portions of the image sensing surface synchronous with manipulating the optical relationship,
wherein manipulating the optical relationship comprises altering a shape of the lens.
11. A method comprising:
determining a first object distance between a first object in a scene and a lens;
determining a second object distance between a second object in the scene and the lens;
within a continuous exposure frame:
exposing a first portion of an image sensing surface while the image sensing surface is at a first effective image distance from the lens, where the first effective image distance corresponds to the first object distance;
exposing a second portion of the image sensing surface while the image sensing surface is at a second effective image distance from the lens, where the second effective image distance corresponds to the second object distance; and combining the exposed first and second portions into a single image.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the single image is displayed on a digital graphical user interface.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein exposing the first and second portion of the image sensing surface comprises adaptively exposing said portions for a first and second exposure time based on a detected brightness of the first and second objects.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein exposing the first and second portion of the image sensing surface comprises adaptively exposing said portions for a first and second exposure time based on a detected speed of movement of the first and second objects.
15. A memory storing a program of machine-readable instructions, executable by a digital data processor, to perform actions directed toward operating a camera, the actions comprising:
during an exposure frame period, maintaining an image sensing surface at a variable effective image distance from a lens synchronously with exposing different portions of the sensing surface, wherein the image sensing surface comprises an array of photosensitive pixels.
16. The memory of claim 15 , wherein at least one of maintaining the image sensing surface at a variable effective image distance and exposing different portions of the image sensing surface are adaptive to objects in a scene to be imaged at the sensing surface.
17. The memory of claim 15 , wherein exposing different portions of the image sensing surface comprises adaptively exposing said portions based on at least a detected first and second object distance.
18. The memory of claim 15 , wherein maintaining an image sensing surface at a variable effective image distance comprises varying between a first and a second image distance that respectively correspond to the first and second object distances.
19. The memory of claim 15 , wherein exposing different portions of the image sensing surface comprises adaptively exposing said portions for different exposure periods based on detected movement of at least two objects.
20. The memory of claim 15 , wherein exposing different portions of the image sensing surface comprises adaptively exposing said portions for different exposure periods based on detected brightness of at least two objects.
21. The memory of claim 15 , wherein the program controls exposure of the photosensitive pixels according to rows.
22. The memory of claim 15 , wherein the program controls exposure of the photosensitive pixels individually.
23. The memory of claim 15 , wherein maintaining an image sensing surface at a variable effective image distance synchronously with exposing operates to impose an effective curvature to the sensing surface that approximates a Petzval surface.
24. The memory of claim 15 , wherein maintaining the image sensing surface at a variable effective image distance from the lens comprises moving the lens relative to the sensing surface.
25. The memory of claim 15 , wherein maintaining the image sensing surface at a variable effective image distance from the lens comprises changing a shape of the lens.