Iontophoresis device
An iontophoresis device for administering drug ions via the first ion-exchange membrane, comprising a first semi-permeable film having a number of pores passing through the film from a front surface to a back surface, a first ion-exchange membrane formed of ion-exchange resin filling the pores of the first semi-permeable film and selective ions of a first polarity, and a working electrode structure having a drug holding part placed on a back surface of the first ion-exchange membrane and holding a drug solution containing drug ions charged in the first polarity, wherein a layer of a water-soluble polymer compound is chemically bonded on the surface of the first semi-permeable film.
1. An iontophoresis device comprising a working electrode structure, comprising:
a first ion-exchange membrane of the working electrode structure including a first semi-permeable film of the working electrode structure with a number of pores communicating a front surface and a back surface of the first semi-permeable film of the working electrode structure and an ion-exchange resin filled in the pores of the first semi-permeable film of the working electrode structure, said first ion-exchange membrane of the working electrode structure selecting ions of a first polarity; and
a drug holding part placed on a back surface side of the first ion-exchange membrane of the working electrode structure and holding a drug solution containing drug ions charged in the first polarity,
the drug ions being administered via the first ion-exchange membrane of the working electrode structure,
wherein a first layer of the working electrode structure having a water-soluble polymer compound chemically bonded to a material constituting the first semi-permeable film of the working electrode structure is formed on the front surface of the first semi-permeable film of the working electrode structure.
2. The iontophoresis device according to claim 1 , wherein the working electrode structure further comprises:
an electrode supplied with a voltage potential of the first polarity;
an electrolyte solution holding part of the working electrode structure for holding an electrolyte solution in electrical contact with the electrode; and
a second ion-exchange membrane of the working electrode structure placed on a front surface side of the electrolyte solution holding part of the working electrode structure and selecting ions of a second polarity,
wherein the drug holding part is placed on a front surface side of the second ion-exchange membrane of the working electrode structure, and
the first ion-exchange membrane of the working electrode structure is placed on a front surface side of the drug holding part.
3. The iontophoresis device according to claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble polymer compound constituting the first layer of the working electrode structure has a straight-chain structure, and is bonded to the front surface of the first semi-permeable film of the working electrode structure in a brush shape.
4. The iontophoresis device according to claim 1 , wherein the first layer of the working electrode structure is formed by irradiating, with a UV-ray, an electron beam, a γ-ray, or plasma, the first semi-permeable film of the working electrode structure immersed in an aqueous solution in which a water-soluble polymer compound is dissolved.
5. The iontophoresis device according to claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble polymer compound forming the first layer of the working electrode structure is one selected from the group consisting of: polyvinyl alcohol; poly-N-isopropylacrylamide; polyacrylic acid; poly-N-methylacrylamide; polyacrylamide;
polyvinylpyrrolidone; polymethacrylic acid; polyethylene glycol; polyethyleneimine; poly-N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate; and polypeptide; or a mixture thereof.
6. The iontophoresis device according to claim 1 , further comprising: on the front surface of the first semi-permeable film of the working electrode structure, a second layer of the working electrode structure having a water-soluble polymer compound laminated on the first layer of the water-soluble polymer compound of the working electrode structure.
7. The iontophoresis device according to claim 6 , wherein the water-soluble polymer compound forming the second layer of the working electrode structure is one selected from the group consisting of: polyvinyl alcohol; poly-N-isopropylacrylamide; polyacrylic acid; poly-N-methylacrylamide; polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymethacrylic acid; polyethylene glycol; polyethyleneimine; poly-N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate; and polypeptide, or a mixture thereof.
8. The iontophoresis device according to claim 1 , further comprising a nonworking electrode structure operating as a counterpart of the working electrode structure,
the nonworking electrode structure having:
a first ion-exchange membrane of the nonworking electrode structure including a first semi-permeable film of the nonworking electrode structure with a number of pores communicating a front surface and a back surface of the first semi-permeable film of the nonworking electrode structure and an ion-exchange resin filled in the pores of the first semi-permeable film of the nonworking electrode structure, said first ion-exchange membrane of the non-working electrode structure selecting ions of a second polarity opposite to the first polarity; and
an electrolyte solution holding part of the nonworking electrode structure for holding an electrolyte solution, placed on a back surface side of the first ion-exchange membrane of the nonworking electrode structure,
wherein a first layer of the nonworking electrode structure having a water-soluble polymer compound chemically bonded to a material constituting the first semi-permeable film of the nonworking electrode structure is formed on the front surface of the first semi-permeable film of the nonworking electrode structure.
9. The iontophoresis device according to claim 8 , wherein the working electrode structure further comprises:
an electrode supplied with a voltage potential of the first polarity;
an electrolyte solution holding part of the working electrode structure for holding an electrolyte solution in electrical contact with the electrode; and
a second ion-exchange membrane of the working electrode structure placed on a front surface side of the electrolyte solution holding part of the working electrode structure and selecting ions of a second polarity,
wherein the drug holding part is placed on a front surface side of the second ion-exchange membrane of the working electrode structure, and
the first ion-exchange membrane of the working electrode structure is placed on the front surface side of the drug holding part.
10. The iontophoresis device according to claim 8 , wherein a water-soluble polymer compound constituting one of the first layer of the working electrode structure and the first layer of the nonworking electrode structure has a straight-chain structure, and is bonded to the front surface of one of the first semi-permeable film of the working electrode structure and the first semi-permeable film of the nonworking electrode structure in a brush shape.
11. The iontophoresis device according to claim 8 , wherein at least one of the first layer of the working electrode structure and the first layer of the nonworking electrode structure is formed by irradiating, with a UV-ray, an electron beam, a γ-ray, or plasma, one of the first semi-permeable film of the working electrode structure and the first semi-permeable film of the nonworking electrode structure immersed in an aqueous solution in which a water-soluble polymer compound is dissolved.
12. The iontophoresis device according to claim 8 , wherein the water-soluble polymer compound forming one of the first layer of the working electrode structure and the first layer of the nonworking electrode structure is one selected from the group consisting of: polyvinyl alcohol; poly-N-isopropylacrylamide; polyacrylic acid; poly-N-methylacrylamide; polyacrylamide; polyvinylpyrrolidone; polymethacrylic acid; polyethylene glycol; polyethyleneimine; poly-N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate; and polypeptide; or a mixture thereof.
13. The iontophoresis device according to claim 8 , further comprising: on the front surface of one of the first semi-permeable film of the working electrode structure and the first semi-permeable film of the nonworking electrode structure, a second layer of the working electrode structure or a second layer of the nonworking electrode structure having a water-soluble polymer compound laminated on one of the first layer of water soluble polymer compound of the working electrode structure and the first layer of water soluble compound of the nonworking electrode structure.
14. The iontophoresis device according to claim 13 , wherein the water-soluble polymer compound forming at least one of the second layer of the working electrode structure or the second layer of the nonworking electrode structure is one selected from the group consisting of: polyvinyl alcohol; poly-N-isopropylacrylamide; polyacrylic acid; poly-N-methylacrylamide; polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymethacrylic acid; polyethylene glycol; polyethyleneimine; poly-N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate; and polypeptide, or a mixture thereof.