System and method for forming textured polymeric films
An apparatus and method for forming a textured polymeric film are disclosed. The apparatus includes a first roller and a second roller, wherein the first roller and the second roller may be configured to cooperatively form the textured polymeric film. In one embodiment, a limited portion of at least the first roller is heated, passively, actively, or by a combination of active and passive techniques.
1 . An apparatus for forming a textured polymeric film, comprising:
a first roller and a second roller configured to cooperatively form a textured polymeric film; and
a heating component configured to heat a limited portion of at least the first roller.
2 . The apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein the limited portion comprises a surface.
3 . The apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein the heating component is configured to heat the limited portion as the limited portion approaches a nip region defined by the first roller and the second roller.
4 . The apparatus as recited in claim 4 , wherein the heating component is configured to heat a polymeric substrate entering the nip region defined by the first and second rollers.
5 . The apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein the heating component includes at least one of an induction heating coil, a radiation heating component, a resistive heater, or combinations thereof.
6 . The apparatus as recited in claim 5 , wherein the radiation heating component comprises at least one of an infrared heater, a high intensity lamp, an arc lamp, and a laser.
7 . The apparatus as recited in claim 6 , wherein an outer surface of the first roller comprises a high absorptivity surface with respect to a source radiation.
8 . The apparatus as recited in claim 5 , wherein the radiation heating component comprises at least one reflector for directing radiant energy.
9 . The apparatus as recited in claim 5 , comprising a controller configured to selectively operate at least one heating component based on at least one operating parameter of the first roller.
10 . The apparatus as recited in claim 5 , wherein the heating component comprises a plurality of resistive or induction heating coils embedded in at least the first roller.
11 . An apparatus for forming a textured polymeric film, comprising:
a first roller and a second roller configured to cooperatively form a textured polymeric film, wherein at least the first roller is configured to temporarily retain and radiate heat when cooperatively forming the textured polymeric film.
12 . The apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein at least the first roller has a surface having a thermal conductivity of less than about 15 Watts per meter Kelvin.
13 . The apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein at least the first roller comprises a multi-layer coating configured to control temperature of the first roller in a continuous manner.
14 . The apparatus as recited in claim 13 , wherein one or more layers of the multi-layer coating act as a heat barrier and wherein an interface between two adjacent layers is graded across a region.
15 . The apparatus as recited in claim 13 , wherein one or more layers of the multi-layer coating comprises a material of high absorptivity with respect to a source radiation.
16 . The apparatus as recited in claim 13 , wherein one or more layers of the multi-layer coating comprises an oxide, a carbide, a nitride or a boride of either aluminum, titanium, silicon, chromium, magnesium or zirconium or combinations thereof.
17 . The apparatus as recited in claim 13 , wherein one or more layers of the multi-layer coating comprises a porous material.
18 . The apparatus as recited in claim 17 , wherein the porous material is formed using either a sintering, coating, sputtering, vapor deposition, fusion, casting or bonding process.
19 . The apparatus as recited in claim 11 , comprising a heating component configured to heat at least the first roller.
20 . The apparatus as recited in claim 11 , wherein at least the first roller has an absorptivity greater than about 0.3 with respect to a source radiation.
21 . A control system, comprising:
a first roller and a second roller configured to form a textured polymeric film;
a heating component configured to heat a limited portion of at least the first roller;
a temperature sensing device configured to measure the temperature of at least one of the first roller, the textured polymeric film, or of a polymeric substrate from which the textured polymeric film is formed;
a cooling system configured to cool at least the first roller;
a roller drive system configured to drive at least one of the first and the second rollers; and
a controller configured to control the heating component, the cooling system, or the roller drive system based on an output of the temperature sensing device.
22 . The control system as recited in claim 21 , comprising a roll gap sensor configured to measure a gap distance between the first roller and the second roller and to communicate the gap distance to the controller.
23 . The control system as recited in claim 21 , wherein the heating component comprises at least one of an induction heating coils, a radiation heating component, or a heater cartridge.
24 . The control system as recited in claim 21 , wherein the controller controls the operation of the heating component, the cooling system, or the roller drive system via a power supply unit.
25 . The control system as recited in claim 21 ,comprising a speed sensor configured to measure a speed of at least one of the first roller or the second roller and to communicate the speed to the heating component for controlling heat flux of the first and the second rollers.
26 . A method for forming a textured polymeric film, comprising:
providing a polymeric substrate to a roller assembly comprising a first roller and a second roller, wherein the polymeric substrate is formed into a textured polymeric film upon passing through the roller assembly; and
controlling the temperature of at least a surface of the first roller.
27 . The method as recited in claim 26 , comprising measuring a temperature of the polymeric substrate, the first roller, or the textured polymeric film and controlling the roller surface temperature based upon the measured temperature.
28 . The method as recited in claim 26 , wherein controlling the temperature comprises at least heating the surface at or near a nip region of the roller assembly.
29 . The method as recited in claim 26 , wherein controlling the temperature comprises cooling at least the first roller.
30 . A roller for use in a calendaring process, the roller comprising two or more layers, wherein at least one layer has a thermal conductivity of less than 15 Watts per meter Kelvin.
31 . The roller as recited in claim 30 , wherein the roller is configured to control temperature of the roller in a graded or continuous manner.
32 . The roller as recited in claim 31 , wherein the at least one layer having a thermal conductivity of less that 15 Watts per meter Kelvin acts as a heat barrier.
33 . The roller as recited in claim 31 , wherein the at least one layer having a thermal conductivity of less that 15 Watts per meter Kelvin comprises a high absorptivity material.
34 . The roller as recited in claim 31 , wherein at least one layer comprises an oxide, a carbide, a nitride or a boride of either aluminum, titanium, silicon, magnesium, chromium, or zirconium or combinations thereof.
35 . The roller as recited in claim 31 , wherein the at least one layer having a thermal conductivity of less that 15 Watts per meter Kelvin comprises a porous material.
36 . The roller as recited in claim 35 , wherein the porous material is formed using either a sintering, coating, sputtering, vapor deposition, fusion, casting or bonding process.
37 . A roller for use in a calendaring process comprising two or more layers having different thermal properties, wherein a surface layer has smaller thermal diffusivity than an interior layer.
38 . The roller as recited in claim 37 , wherein the two or more layers are configured to control temperature of the roller in a graded or continuous manner.
39 . The roller as recited in claim 38 , wherein the interior layer or an intermediate layer disposed between the surface layer and the interior layer acts as a thermal barrier.
40 . The roller as recited in claim 38 , wherein surface layer comprises a high absorptivity material.
41 . The roller as recited in claim 38 , wherein one or more layers of the roller comprises an oxide, a carbide, a nitride or a boride of either aluminum, titanium, silicon, magnesium, chromium, or zirconium or combinations thereof.
42 . The roller as recited in claim 38 , wherein one or more layers of the roller comprise a porous material.