Modification of lignin biosynthesis
The invention provides methods for decreasing lignin content and improving lignin profiles. Also provided are the plants prepared by the methods of the invention. Such plants may exhibit improved digestibility relative to prior plants.
1. A method of modifying lignin biosynthesis in a dicot plant comprising down-regulating a hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HCT) gene in the plant sufficient to modify lignin biosynthesis in the plant, wherein the down-regulating is accomplished by introduction of an isolated nucleic acid sequence that comprises at least 18 contiguous nucleotides of the HCT gene, or its complement, into the plant.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plant exhibits improved digestibility relative to a plant in which the down-regulating has not been carried out.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the isolated nucleic acid sequence is in sense orientation.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein lignin content is decreased in the plant.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of syringyl monomers to guaiacyl monomers is decreased.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising down-regulating a second lignin biosynthesis gene comprising mutating the second lignin biosynthesis gene.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the isolated nucleic acid sequence is in antisense orientation.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the isolated nucleic acid is in sense and antisense orientation.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein introducing the isolated nucleic acid comprises plant breeding.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein introducing the isolated nucleic acid comprises genetic transformation.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the isolated nucleic acid sequence is an antisense or RNAi construct.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the isolated nucleic acid sequence encodes a ribozyme.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plant is selected from the group consisting of: alfalfa ( Medicago sativa ), Medicago sp., including Medicago truncatula, Arabidopsis thaliana , cotton, sunflower, clover, potato, soybean, tomato, and white or red clover.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plant is further defined as a legume.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plant is further defined as a forage legume.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plant is further defined as alfalfa.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the down-regulating is accomplished by introduction of an isolated nucleic acid sequence that comprises at least 30 contiguous nucleotides of the HCT gene, or its complement, in the plant.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the down-regulating is accomplished by introduction of an isolated nucleic acid sequence that comprises at least 50 contiguous nucleotides of the HCT gene, or its complement, in the plant.