Fasteners for use with gastric restriction

1. A fastener for use during endoscopic procedures in which a suture is used in creating a predefined pouch through tissue apposition within the stomach, the fastener comprising:

a spring biased, W-shaped fastener body including first and second anchors for selectively securing the fastener body to tissue, wherein the fastener includes a loaded position and a released position, and, upon release of the fastener from the loaded position, spring biased movement causes the fastener body to spring from the loaded position to the released position;

the fastener body including inner first and second segments which are angularly oriented and coupled in a manner creating a connection aperture shaped and dimensioned for passage of a suture therethrough and outer third and fourth segments respectively angularly extending from the inner first and second segments and the first and second anchors extend from the outer third and fourth segments at angles transverse to longitudinal axes of the respective outer third and fourth segments; and

wherein the outer third and fourth segments torsionally rotate relative to the inner first and second segments and along the longitudinal axes of the respective third and fourth segments upon release of the fastener held in the loaded position and spring biased movement from the loaded position to the released position.

2. A fastener for use during endoscopic procedures in which a suture is used in creating a predefined pouch through tissue apposition within the stomach, the fastener comprising:

a spring biased, W-shaped fastener body including first and second anchors for selectively securing the fastener body to tissue, wherein the fastener includes a loaded position and a released position, and, upon release of the fastener from the loaded position, spring biased movement causes the fastener body to spring from the loaded position to the released position;

the fastener body including inner first and second segments which are angularly oriented and coupled in a manner creating a connection aperture shaped and dimensioned for passage of a suture therethrough and outer third and fourth segments respectively angularly extending from the inner first and second segments, and the first and second anchors extend from the outer third and fourth segments at angles transverse to longitudinal axes of the respective outer third and fourth segments; and

wherein the outer third and fourth segments rotate relative to the inner first and second segments and about axes substantially parallel to the longitudinal axes of the respective outer third and fourth segments upon release of the fastener held in the loaded position and spring biased movement from the loaded position to the released position.

3. A fastener for use during endoscopic procedures in which a suture is used in creating a predefined pouch through tissue apposition within the stomach, the fastener comprising:

a spring biased, W-shaped fastener body including first and second anchors for selectively securing the fastener body to tissue, wherein the fastener includes a loaded position and a released position, and, upon release of the fastener from the loaded position, spring biased movement causes the fastener body to spring from the loaded position to the released position;

the fastener body including inner first and second segments which are angularly oriented and coupled in a manner creating a connection aperture shaped and dimensioned for passage of a suture therethrough and outer third and fourth segments respectively angularly extending from the inner first and second segments, and the first and second anchors extend from the outer third and fourth segments at angles transverse to longitudinal axes of the respective outer third and fourth segments; and

wherein the outer third and fourth segments torsionally rotate relative to the inner first and second segments and along the longitudinal axes of the respective third and fourth segments and the outer third and fourth segments rotate relative to the inner first and second segments and about axes substantially parallel to the longitudinal axes of the respective outer third and fourth segments upon release of the fastener held in the loaded position and spring biased movement from the loaded position to the released position.