Highly friction resistant and durable bearing coatings for crankshafts and large end bearings
Slide layer for slide bearing, in particular for crankshafts, connecting-rod bearings or large end bearings, comprised of an alloy with several phases, which form a matrix and a dispersed phase, wherein the dispersed phase exhibits only a low solubility in the metal of the matrix, wherein the metal matrix is formed by a Al alloy and the dispersed phase by a Bi or a high melting Bi alloy, as well as slide bearings coated therewith and processes for producing a slide layer by sputter processes.
1 . A slide layer for a slide bearing, in particular for crankshafts, connecting-rod bearings and large end bearings, of an alloy with several phases, which form a matrix and a dispersed phase, wherein
the dispersed phase exhibits only a small solubility in the metal of the matrix,
the matrix metal is an Al alloy,
the dispersed phase is Bi or a high melting Bi alloy, and
the Bi or the Bi alloy exists so finely distributed or divided, that it is amorphous under X-ray or the primary phases are not recognizable under a light microscope.
2 . The slide layer according to claim 1 , wherein the Bi content in the total slide layer is 10 to 40 wt. %.
3 . The slide layer according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the melting point of the Bi alloy is above 250° C.
4 . The slide layer according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the Bi alloy includes Sn or Sb in an amount of 3 to 6 wt. %.
5 . The slide layer according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the Al alloy includes copper in an amount of 0.1 to 5 wt. %.
6 . The slide layer according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the Sn content of the Al alloy lies below 0.1 wt. %.
7 . The slide layer according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the Pb content of the Al alloy lies below 0.1 wt. %.
8 . A slide bearing with a base material of steel, a layer of bearing metal, a thin adhesion promoting layer, and a slide layer of an alloy with several phases, which form a matrix and a dispersed phase, wherein
the dispersed phase exhibits only a small solubility in the metal of the matrix,
the matrix metal is an Al alloy,
the dispersed phase is Bi or a high melting Bi alloy, and
the Bi or the Bi alloy exists so finely distributed or divided, that it is amorphous under X-ray or the primary phases are not recognizable under a light microscope.
9 . The slide bearing according to claim 8 , wherein the bearing metal is Cu/Ni—, Cu/Sn/Bi alloys or bronzes; the adhesion promoting layer is Ni— or Ni alloys; and the slide layer is an Al alloy with 10-40 wt. % Bi.