Alkali/transition metal HALO-and hydroxy-phosphates and related electrode active materials
View Patent ↗The present invention relates to novel battery having a first electrode comprising an electrode active material represented by the general formula A a M b (XY 4 ) 2 Z d , a second electrode which is a counter-electrode to the first electrode; and an electrolyte.
1. A battery, comprising:
a first electrode comprising an electrode active material represented by the general formula:
A a M b PO 4 Z d ,
wherein,
(a) A is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, and mixtures thereof, and 0.1<a≦4;
(b) M is M′ 1−m M″ m , wherein M′ is at least one element selected from the group consisting of elements from Groups 4 though 11 of the Periodic Table, M″ is at least one element selected from the group consisting of elements from Groups 2, 12, 13, and 14 of the Periodic Table, 0<m<1, and 1≦b ≦3; and
(c) Z comprises a halogen, and 0.1<d≦4; wherein M, Z, a, b, and d are selected so as to maintain electroneutrality of the electrode active material;
the battery further comprising a second electrode which is a counter-electrode to the first electrode; and
an electrolyte.
2. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein A is Li.
3. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein A is selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, and mixtures thereof.
4. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein M′ is selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Cu, V, Zr, Ti, Cr, and mixtures thereof.
5. The battery according to claim 4 , wherein M′ is selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Mn, Cu, V, Cr, and mixtures thereof.
6. The battery according to claim 4 , wherein A is Li.
7. The battery according to claim 6 , wherein M″ is selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Zn, Sr, Pb, Cd, Sn, Ba, Be, Al, and mixtures thereof.
8. The battery according to claim 7 , wherein M″ is selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Zn, Ba, Al, and mixtures thereof.
9. The battery according to claim 7 , wherein Z comprises F.
10. The battery according to claim 7 , wherein Z is F.
11. The battery according to claim 7 , wherein the second electrode comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide, metal chalcogenide, carbon, graphite, and mixtures thereof.
12. The battery according to claim 11 , wherein the electrolyte comprises a solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropylcarbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, butylene carbonate, γ-butyrolactone, triglyme, tetraglyme, a lactone, an ester, dimethylsulfoxide, dioxolane, sulfolane, and mixtures thereof.
13. The battery according to claim 12 , wherein the electrolyte further comprises a lithium salt selected from the group consisting of LiAsF 6 , LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiB(C 6 H 5 ) 4 , LiAlCl 4 , LiBr, and mixtures thereof.
14. The battery according to claim 4 , wherein M″ is selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Zn, Sr, Pb, Cd, Sn, Ba, Be, Al, and mixtures thereof.
15. The battery according to claim 14 , wherein M″ is selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Zn, Ba, Al, and mixtures thereof.
16. The battery according to claim 14 , wherein Z comprises F.
17. The battery according to claim 14 , wherein Z is F.
18. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein Z comprises F.
19. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein Z is F.
20. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the second electrode comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide, metal chalcogenide, carbon, graphite, and mixtures thereof.
21. The battery according to claim 20 , wherein the etectrolyte comprises a solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropylcarbonate, ethyt methyt carbonate, butylene carbonate, γ-butyrotactone, triglyme, tetraglyme, a lactone, an ester, dimethylsutfoxide, dioxolane, sulfolane, and mixtures thereof.
22. The battery according to claim 21 , wherein the electrolyte further comprises a lithium salt selected from the group consisting of LiAsF 6 , LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiB(C 6 H 5 ) 4 , LiAlCl 4 , LiBr, and mixtures thereof.
23. The battery according to claim 20 , wherein A is Li.
24. The battery according to claim 23 , wherein M′ is selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Cu, V, Zr, Ti, Cr, and mixtures thereof.
25. The battery according to claim 24 , wherein M″ is selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Zn, Sr, Pb, Cd, Sn, Ba, Be, Al, and mixtures thereof.
26. The battery according to claim 20 , wherein M′ is seltcted from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Cu, V, Zr, Ti, Cr, and mixtures thereof.
27. The battery according to claim 20 , wherein M″ is selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Zn, Sr, Pb, Cd, Sn, Ba, Be, Al, and mixtures thereof.