Methods and apparatus for endovascular heart valve replacement comprising tissue grasping elements
The present invention provides an apparatus for endovascularly replacing a patient's heart valve. In some embodiments, the apparatus includes an expandable anchor supporting a replacement valve, the anchor and replacement valve being adapted for percutaneous delivery and deployment to replace the patient's heart valve, the anchor having a braid having atraumatic grasping elements adapted to grasp tissue in a vicinity of the patient's heart valve.
1. An apparatus for endovascularly replacing a patient's heart valve having native leaflets, the apparatus comprising:
an expandable anchor supporting a valve, the anchor and valve being adapted for percutaneous delivery and deployment, the anchor having a proximal end, a distal end, a longitudinal axis, and an outer surface, the anchor braided from a shape memory material, the anchor being expandable from a collapsed delivery configuration to a fully deployed configuration; and
leaflet engagement elements are attached to the anchor, the leaflet engagement elements extending distally from the anchor at a location proximal of the distal end of the anchor in both the collapased delivery configuration and the fully deployed configuration, the leaflet engagement elements extending over at least a portion of the outer surface of the anchor,
wherein, when the anchor is in the collapsed delivery configuration, the leaflet engagement elements are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the anchor; and when the anchor is in the fully deployed configuration, the leaflet engagement elements are adapted to sandwich the native leaflets between the leaflet engagement elements and the anchor.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the leaflet engaging elements extend distally from the proximal end of the anchor.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein, in the collapsed delivery configuration, the leaflet engagement elements lie against the outer surface of the anchor.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the anchor has an at-rest configuration between the collapsed delivery configuration and the fully deployed configuration, and, in the at-rest configuration, the leaflet engagement elements are positioned at a first angle relative to the outer surface of the anchor.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein, in the fully deployed configuration, the leaflet engagement elements are positioned at a second angle relative to the outer surface of the anchor, the second angle being greater than the first angle.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the anchor in the at-rest configuration has a diameter larger than a diameter of the anchor in the collapsed delivery configuration and smaller than a diameter of the anchor in the fully deployed configuration.
7. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the anchor is adapted to self-expand from the collapsed delivery configuration to the at-rest configuration and the anchor is adapted to actively expand from the at-rest configuration to the fully deployed configuration.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the leaflet engagement elements are integral with the anchor.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the apparatus is configured for resheathing upon deployment from a delivery sheath.