Reinforced styrenic resin composition, method, and article
A thermoplastic resin composition includes an amorphous poly(alkenyl aromatic) resin, an acid-functionalized poly(arylene ether), and an aminosilane-treated inorganic filler. The composition exhibits improved stiffness, impact strength, and tensile properties relative to other filled amorphous poly(alkenyl aromatic) resin compositions.
1 . A composition, comprising:
an amorphous poly(alkenyl aromatic) resin;
an acid-functionalized poly(arylene ether); and
an aminosilane-treated inorganic filler.
2 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the amorphous poly(alkenyl aromatic) resin comprises at least 25 percent by weight of structural units derived from an alkenyl aromatic monomer of the formula
wherein R 1 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 8 alkyl, or halogen; each occurrence of Z is independently vinyl, halogen, or C 1 -C 8 alkyl; and p is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.
3 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the amorphous poly(alkenyl aromatic) resin comprises a rubber-modified polystyrene.
4 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the amorphous poly(alkenyl aromatic) resin comprises an atactic homopolystyrene.
5 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the amorphous poly(alkenyl aromatic) resin comprises a block copolymer of an alkenyl aromatic compound and a conjugated diene.
6 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the amorphous poly(alkenyl aromatic) resin comprises a hydrogenated block copolymer of an alkenyl aromatic compound and a conjugated diene.
7 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the amorphous poly(alkenyl aromatic) resin comprises a styrene-(ethylene-butylene)-styrene triblock copolymer.
8 . The composition of claim 7 , wherein the styrene-(ethylene-butylene)-styrene triblock copolymer has a styrene content of about 25 to about 90 weight percent.
9 . The composition of claim 7 , wherein the styrene-(ethylene-butylene)-styrene triblock copolymer has a styrene content of about 40 to about 90 weight percent.
10 . The composition of claim 1 , comprising about 10 to about 98 weight percent of the amorphous poly(alkenyl aromatic) resin, based on the total weight of the composition.
11 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the acid-functionalized poly(arylene ether) is the reaction product of a poly(arylene ether) and an acid compound selected from (a) aliphatically unsaturated acid compounds comprising at least one carboxylic acid or anhydride group and at least one carbon-carbon double bond or carbon-carbon triple bond, and (b) polyfunctional acid compounds having the structure
(R 3 O)R 2 (COOR 4 ) n
wherein R 2 is a linear or branched chain, saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon having a valence of (n+1) and 2 to 20 carbon atoms; R 3 is hydrogen or an alkyl, aryl, or acyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; each R 4 is independently hydrogen or an alkyl or aryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; n is greater than or equal to 2; wherein (OR 3 ) is alpha or beta to a carbonyl group; and wherein at least two carbonyl groups are separated by 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
12 . The composition of claim 11 , wherein the acid compound is selected from fumaric acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, citric acid, malic acid, agaricic acid, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, and combinations thereof.
13 . The composition of claim 11 , wherein the acid compound is selected from fumaric acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, and combinations thereof.
14 . The composition of claim 11 , wherein the acid compound comprises fumaric acid.
15 . The composition of claim 11 , wherein the poly(arylene ether) comprises a plurality of structural units of the formula
wherein for each structural unit, each Q 1 is independently halogen, primary or secondary C 1 -C 8 alkyl, phenyl, C 1 -C 8 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 8 aminoalkyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbonoxy, or C 2 -C 8 halohydrocarbonoxy wherein at least two carbon atoms separate the halogen and oxygen atoms; and each Q 2 is independently hydrogen, halogen, primary or secondary C 1 -C 8 alkyl, phenyl, C 1 -C 8 haloalkyl, C 1 -C 8 aminoalkyl, C 1 -C 8 hydrocarbonoxy, or C 2 -C 8 halohydrocarbonoxy wherein at least two carbon atoms separate the halogen and oxygen atoms.
16 . The composition of claim 11 , wherein the poly(arylene ether) is selected from poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether-co-2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether), and mixtures thereof.
17 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the acid-functionalized poly(arylene ether) comprises about 0.05 to about 10 weight percent of acid functionality.
18 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the acid-functionalized poly(arylene ether) has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.06 to about 0.6 deciliters per gram, measured at 25° C. in chloroform.
19 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the acid-functionalized poly(arylene ether) has an intrinsic viscosity of about 0.12 to about 0.46 deciliters per gram, measured at 25° C. in chloroform.
20 . The composition of claim 1 , comprising about 0.5 to about 40 weight percent of the acid-functionalized poly(arylene ether), based on the total weight of the composition.
21 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aminosilane-treated inorganic filler comprises a filler selected from glass fibers, glass spheres, glass flakes, wollastonite, silica, boron-silicate powders, quartz, alumina, magnesium oxide, talc, mica, kaolin, aluminum trihydrate, magnesium hydroxide, and combinations thereof.
22 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aminosilane-treated inorganic filler comprises an inorganic filler surface treated with an aminosilane, wherein the aminosilane comprises at least one primary, secondary, or tertiary amine group, and at least one C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group.
23 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aminosilane-treated inorganic filler comprises an inorganic filler surface treated with an aminosilane selected from γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N,β-(aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N,β-(aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, N,β-(aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane, γ-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and combinations thereof.
24 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aminosilane-treated inorganic filler comprises an inorganic filler surface treated with γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
25 . The composition of claim 1 , comprising about 1 to about 80 weight percent of the aminosilane-treated inorganic filler, based on the total weight of the composition.
26 . The composition of claim 1 , further comprising an unfunctionalized poly(arylene ether).
27 . The composition of claim 1 , further comprising an additive selected from plasticizers, impact modifiers, mold release agents, colorants, thermal stabilizers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, flame retardants, drip retardants, antiblocking agents, antistatic agents, blowing agents, and combinations thereof
28 . A composition, comprising:
an amorphous poly(alkenyl aromatic) resin selected from atactic homopolystyrenes, rubber-modified polystyrenes, and styrene-(ethylene-butylene)-styrene triblock copolymers;
an acid-functionalized poly(arylene ether); wherein the acid-functionalized poly(arylene ether) is the reaction product of a poly(arylene ether) and an acid compound selected from maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, and combinations thereof; and
aminosilane-treated glass fibers.
29 . A composition, comprising:
about 30 to about 94 weight percent of an amorphous poly(alkenyl aromatic) resin selected from atactic homopolystyrenes, rubber-modified polystyrenes, and styrene-(ethylene-butylene)-styrene triblock copolymers;
about 1 to about 20 weight percent of an acid-functionalized poly(arylene ether); wherein the acid-functionalized poly(arylene ether) is the reaction product of a poly(arylene ether) and an acid compound selected from maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, and combinations thereof; and
about 5 to about 50 weight percent of aminosilane-treated glass fibers;
wherein the composition is substantially free of polyamide.
30 . An article comprising the composition of claim 1 .
31 . The article of claim 30 comprising a film, sheet, molded object or composite having at least one layer comprising the composition.
32 . A method of preparing a thermoplastic composition, comprising:
blending
an amorphous poly(alkenyl aromatic) resin,
an acid-functionalized poly(arylene ether), and
an aminosilane-treated inorganic filler
to form an intimate blend.
33 . A method of preparing a thermoplastic composition, comprising:
melt blending
a poly(arylene ether) resin, and
an acid compound comprising at least one carboxylic acid
group and at least one carbon-carbon double bond
to form an acid-functionalized poly(arylene ether); and
blending
the acid-functionalized poly(arylene ether),
an amorphous poly(alkenyl aromatic) resin, and
an aminosilane-treated inorganic filler
to form an intimate blend.
34 . The method of claim 33 , wherein said melt blending a poly(arylene ether) resin and an acid compound further comprises blending a free radical initiator.