System for managing call handoffs between an aircraft and multiple cell sites
View Patent ↗The handoff management system maximizes the communications capacity available from terrestrial air-to-ground cellular networks, while also integrating communications capabilities from satellite air-to-ground cellular networks and terrestrial cellular communications networks. The communications capacity is maximized by dynamically allocating communications from the aircraft over multiple communications channels to multiple cells of the terrestrial air-to-ground cellular network, and to satellite air-to-ground cellular networks and terrestrial mobile networks. This approach effectively provides an increase in the call handling capacity available to any aircraft and permits a gradual transition of communications from one cell to the next cell, rather than requiring an abrupt handover of all traffic from the aircraft from one cell to the next cell.
1. A system for managing multiple communications links that are extant between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network, comprising:
at least one base station means, located in said aircraft, for generating radio frequency communication signals to communicate with a plurality of wireless subscriber devices that are located in said aircraft;
aircraft controller means for aggregating call traffic from said plurality of wireless subscriber devices on to said multiple communication links as aggregate data streams;
traffic load means for determining an optimal configuration for aggregating said call traffic for said aircraft on to said multiple communication links as a function of at least one of: present call traffic loads on said multiple communication links, predicted future call traffic loads on said multiple communication links, present physical location of the aircraft, predicted future physical location of the aircraft, type of call traffic; and
ground controller means, responsive to said traffic load means, for communicating control instructions to said aircraft controller means to control distribution of said call traffic on said multiple communications links.
2. The system for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 1 further comprising:
a plurality of transceiver means, located in said aircraft, each communicating via at least one of said multiple communication links with said at least one terrestrial communication network;
a plurality of ground-based base station means, connected to said at least one terrestrial communication network, for communicating with said plurality of transceiver means via said aggregate data streams; and
handoff management means, responsive to initiation of a handoff of a one of said aggregate data streams from a first one of said ground-based base station means to a second one of said ground-based base station means, for redirecting transmission of said one aggregate data stream from said first ground-based base station means to said second ground-based base station means.
3. The system for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 1 wherein said traffic load means comprises:
assessment means for comparing a presently determined optimal configuration for aggregating said call traffic for said aircraft on to said multiple communication links with an existing distribution of call traffic on said multiple communication links; and
update means, responsive to said assessment means, for revising said distribution of call traffic on said multiple communications links.
4. The system for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 1 further comprising:
a plurality of transceiver means, located in said aircraft, each communicating via at least one of said multiple communication links with said at least one terrestrial communication network, said multiple communication links each being active in one of: terrestrial air-to-ground cellular network, satellite air-to-ground cellular network, terrestrial cellular network;
a plurality of ground-based base station means, connected to said at least one terrestrial communication network and each being active in a one of: terrestrial air-to-ground cellular network, satellite air-to-ground cellular network, terrestrial cellular network, for communicating with said plurality of transceiver means via said aggregate data streams; and
wherein said traffic load means comprises:
network selection means for distributing said call traffic among said terrestrial air-to-ground cellular network, said satellite air-to-ground cellular network, said terrestrial cellular network as a function of said type of call content.
5. The system for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 1 wherein said aircraft controller means comprises:
aircraft interface means for establishing communications between said plurality of wireless subscriber devices and said at least one terrestrial communications network by exchanging both subscriber traffic and at least one of network signaling and administrative data on separate concurrently available logical channels via said at least one air-to-ground communication network.
6. A system for managing multiple communications links that are extant between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network, comprising:
at least one base station means, located in said aircraft, for generating radio frequency communication signals to communicate with a plurality of wireless subscriber devices that are located in said aircraft;
a plurality of transceiver means, located in said aircraft, each communicating via at least one of said multiple communication links with said at least one terrestrial communication network;
aircraft controller means for aggregating call traffic received by said at least one base station means from said plurality of wireless subscriber devices on to said multiple communication links as aggregate data streams;
a plurality of ground-based base station means, connected to said at least one terrestrial communication network, for communicating with said plurality of transceiver means via said aggregate data streams;
traffic load means for determining an optimal configuration for aggregating said call traffic for said aircraft on to said multiple communication links as a function of at least one of: present call traffic loads on said multiple communication links, predicted future call traffic loads on said multiple communication links, present physical location of the aircraft, predicted future physical location of the aircraft, type of call content; and
ground controller means, responsive to said traffic load means, for communicating control instructions to said aircraft controller means to control distribution of said call traffic on said multiple communications links.
7. The system for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 6 further comprising:
handoff management means, responsive to initiation of a call handoff of a one of said aggregate data streams from a first one of said ground-based base station means to a second one of said ground-based base station means, for redirecting transmission of said one aggregate data stream from said first ground-based base station means to said second ground-based base station means.
8. The system for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 6 wherein said traffic load means comprises:
assessment means for comparing a presently determined optimal configuration for aggregating said call traffic for said aircraft on to said multiple communication links with an existing distribution of call traffic on said multiple communication links; and
update means, responsive to said assessment means, for revising said distribution of call traffic on said multiple communications links.
9. The system for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 6 further comprising:
wherein each of said multiple communication links are active in one of: terrestrial air-to-ground cellular network, satellite air-to-ground cellular network, terrestrial cellular network; and
wherein said traffic load means comprises:
network selection means for distributing said call traffic among said terrestrial air-to-ground cellular network, said satellite air-to-ground cellular network, said terrestrial cellular network as a function of said type of call content.
10. The system for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 6 wherein said aircraft controller means comprises:
aircraft interface means for establishing communications between said plurality of wireless subscriber devices and said at least one terrestrial communications network by exchanging both subscriber traffic and at least one of network signaling and administrative data on separate concurrently available logical channels via said at least one air-to-ground communication network.
11. A method for managing multiple communications links that are extant between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network, comprising:
generating, in at least one base station that is located in said aircraft, radio frequency communication signals to communicate with a plurality of wireless subscriber devices that are located in said aircraft;
aggregating, in an aircraft communications controller, call traffic from said plurality of wireless subscriber devices on to said multiple communication links as aggregate data streams;
determining an optimal configuration for aggregating said call traffic for said aircraft on to said multiple communication links as a function of at least one of: present call traffic loads on said multiple communication links, predicted future call traffic loads on said multiple communication links, present physical location of the aircraft, predicted future physical location of the aircraft, type of call traffic; and
communicating, in response to determining an optimal configuration for aggregating said call traffic, control instructions to said aircraft communications controller to control distribution of said call traffic on said multiple communications links.
12. The method for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 11 further comprising:
communicating via a plurality of transceivers that are located in said aircraft, with said at least one terrestrial communication network, each of said transceivers communicating via at least one of said multiple communication links;
communicating, via a plurality of ground-based base stations that are connected to said at least one terrestrial communication network, with said plurality of transceivers via said aggregate data streams; and
redirecting, in response to initiation of a handoff of a one of said aggregate data streams from a first one of said ground-based base stations to a second one of said ground-based base stations, transmission of said one aggregate data stream from said first ground-based base station to said second ground-based base station.
13. The method for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 11 wherein said step of determining comprises:
comparing a presently determined optimal configuration for aggregating said call traffic for said aircraft on to said multiple communication links with an existing distribution of call traffic on said multiple communication links; and
revising, in response to said step of comparing said distribution of call traffic on said multiple communications links.
14. The method for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 11 further comprising:
communicating via a plurality of transceivers that are located in said aircraft, each transceiver communicating via at least one of said multiple communication links with said at least one terrestrial communication network, said multiple communication links each being active in one of: terrestrial air-to-ground cellular network, satellite air-to-ground cellular network, terrestrial cellular network;
communicating via a plurality of ground-based base stations that are connected to said at least one terrestrial communication network and each ground-based base station being active in a one of: terrestrial air-to-ground cellular network, satellite air-to-ground cellular network, terrestrial cellular network, for communicating with said plurality of transceiver means via said aggregate data streams; and
wherein said step of determining comprises:
distributing said call traffic among said terrestrial air-to-ground cellular network, said satellite air-to-ground cellular network, said terrestrial cellular network as a function of said type of call content.
15. The method for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 11 wherein said step of aggregating comprises:
establishing communications between said plurality of wireless subscriber devices and said at least one terrestrial communications network by exchanging both subscriber traffic and at least one of network signaling and administrative data on separate concurrently available logical channels via said at least one air-to-ground communication network.
16. A method for managing multiple communications links that are extant between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network, comprising:
generating radio frequency communication signals in at least one base station that is located in said aircraft, for to communicate with a plurality of wireless subscriber devices that are located in said aircraft;
communicating, via a plurality of transceivers that are located in said aircraft, each transceiver communicating via at least one of said multiple communication links with said at least one terrestrial communication network;
aggregating, in an aircraft communications controller, call traffic received by said at least one base station from said plurality of wireless subscriber devices on to said multiple communication links as aggregate data streams;
communicating via a plurality of ground-based base stations that are connected to said at least one terrestrial communication network, with said plurality of transceivers via said aggregate data streams;
determining an optimal configuration for aggregating said call traffic for said aircraft on to said multiple communication links as a function of at least one of: present call traffic loads on said multiple communication links, predicted future call traffic loads on said multiple communication links, present physical location of the aircraft, predicted future physical location of the aircraft, type of call content; and
communicating, in response to said step of determining, control instructions to said aircraft communications controller to control distribution of said call traffic on said multiple communications links.
17. The method for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 16 further comprising:
redirecting, in response to initiation of a call handoff of a one of said aggregate data streams from a first one of said ground-based base stations to a second one of said ground-based base stations, transmission of said one aggregate data stream from said first ground-based base station to said second ground-based base station.
18. The method for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 16 wherein said step of aggregating comprises:
comparing a presently determined optimal configuration for aggregating said call traffic for said aircraft on to said multiple communication links with an existing distribution of call traffic on said multiple communication links; and
revising, in response to said step of comparing, said distribution of call traffic on said multiple communications links.
19. The method for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 16 further comprising:
wherein each of said multiple communication links are active in one of:
terrestrial air-to-ground cellular network, satellite air-to-ground cellular network, terrestrial cellular network; and
wherein said step of aggregating comprises:
distributing said call traffic among said terrestrial air-to-ground cellular network, said satellite air-to-ground cellular network, said terrestrial cellular network as a function of said type of call content.
20. The method for managing multiple communications links between an aircraft and at least one terrestrial communication network of claim 16 wherein said step of aggregating comprises:
establishing communications between said plurality of wireless subscriber devices and said at least one terrestrial communications network by exchanging both subscriber traffic and at least one of network signaling and administrative data on separate concurrently available logical channels via said at least one air-to-ground communication network.