Hydrophilic membrane and associated method
View Patent ↗A membrane is provided, which may include a microporous base membrane; and a cross-linkable coating disposed on a surface of the membrane. The coating may include polyvinyl nucleophilic polymer and a urethane or a blocked isocyanate. The coating may be cross-linked. Also provided is a method of making the membrane.
1. A membrane, comprising:
A microporous base membrane; and a cross-linkable coating disposed on a surface of the membrane, and the coating comprising a polyvinyl nucleophilic polymer and a blocked isocyanate, or the blocked isocyanate and a urethane, wherein the blocked isocyanate comprises a blocking agent, and the blocking agent comprises at least one of a nitrogen-containing moiety, and ester moiety, or an oxime moiety; wherein the coating forms a hydrophilic interpenetrating network comprising inter/intramolecular ammonium-carboxylate ion pairs.
2. The membrane as defined in claim 1 , wherein the base membrane comprises one or more of polyethylene, polyolefin, polyamide, polyester, polysulfone, polyether, polyacrylic, polymethacrylic, polystyrene, polyurethane, polypropylene, polyphenelene sulfone, polyphenylene oxide, or cellulosic polymer.
3. The membrane as defined in claim 1 , wherein the polyvinyl nucleophilic polymer comprises one or both of polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl amine.
4. The membrane as defined in claim 3 , wherein the polyvinyl alcohol has an average molecular weight in a range of greater than 2500.
5. The membrane as defined in claim 4 , wherein the polyvinyl alcohol has an average molecular weight in a range of greater than 2500 to about 31,000.
6. The membrane as defined in claim 1 , wherein the cross linkable coating comprises one or more of toluene disocyanate, diphenyl methane di-isocyanate, hexamethylene di-isocyanate, methylene bis-(4-cyclohexylisocyanate), naphthalene di-isocyanate, methyl isocyanate, or polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate.
7. The membrane as defined in claim 1 , wherein the cross linkable coating comprises a material having the formula (III):
8. The membrane as defined in claim 1 , wherein the blocked isocyanate is present in an amount in a range of greater than about 10 weight percent.
9. The membrane as defined in claim 1 , wherein the urethane comprises a material having the formula (IV):
10. The membrane as defined in claim 1 , wherein the coating has an average thickness in a range of from about 1 nanometer to greater than about 1 micrometer.
11. A treated membrane comprising the membrane as defined in claim 1 wherein the coating is cross-linked to form the treated membrane, and the coating renders the membrane wetable from a dry ship state.
12. The treated membrane as defined in claim 11 , wherein the treated membrane has a flow rate of water that is greater than about 1 mL/min-cm at 27 inches Hg pressure differential after 10 wet/dry cycles at room temperature.
13. The treated membrane as defined in claim 11 , wherein the treated membrane has a flow rate of water that is greater than about 1 mL/min-cm at 27 inches Hg pressure differential after 10 wet/dry cycles at 100 degrees Celsius.
14. A method of forming a membrane, comprising:
applying a coating to a surface of a porous base membrane, wherein the coating comprises a polyvinyl nucleophilic polymer and a blocked isocyanate
wherein the blocked isocyanate comprises a blocking agent, and the blocking agent comprises at least one of a nitrogen-containing moiety, an ester moiety, or an oxime moiety; and
unblocking the blocked isocyanate to form a hydrophilic interpenetrating network comprising one or both of carboxylic acid groups or inter/intramolecular ammonium-carboxylate ion pairs.
15. The method as defined in claim 14 , further comprising non-thermally curing the coated membrane.
16. The method as defined in claim 14 , further comprising thermally curing the coated membrane.
17. The method as defined in claim 16 , wherein thermally curing the coated membrane comprises heating the membrane to a cure temperature that is greater than about 100 degrees Celsius.
18. The method as defined in claim 14 , further comprising cycling the membrane though wet/dry cycles after cure.
19. The method as defined in claim 18 , further comprising flowing water though the membrane at a flow rate that is greater than about 1 mL/min-cm at 27 inches Hg pressure differential at room temperature after 10 wet/dry cycles.
20. The method as defined in claim 18 , further comprising flowing water though the membrane at a flow rate that is greater than about 1 mL/min-cm at 27 inches Hg pressure differential at 100 degrees Celsius after 10 wet/dry cycles.
21. The method as defined in claim 14 , wherein the polyvinyl nucleophilic polymer comprises one or both of polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl amine.
22. The method as defined in claim 14 , wherein the coating comprises one or more of toluene di-isocyanate, diphenyl methane di-isocyanate, hexamethylene di-isocyanate, methylene bis-(4-cyclohexylisocyanate), naphthalene di-isocyanate, methyl isocyanate, or polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate.