Water-in-oil emulsions with anionic groups, compositions, and methods
View Patent ↗Water-in-oil emulsions, compositions, and methods that include a vinyl polymer having a pKa of less than 4 that includes anionic group-containing side chains and alkyl-Y-containing side chains, wherein Y is O or NR, wherein R is hydrogen or methyl, and wherein the alkyl group of the alkyl-Y-containing side chain has at least 4 carbon atoms on average in a cyclic, branched-, or straight-chain configuration and optionally including one or more heteroatoms.
1. A water-in-oil emulsion comprising:
a vinyl polymer having a pKa of less than 4 comprising anionic group-containing side chains and alkoxy-containing side chains, wherein the alkyl group of the alkoxy-containing side chain has at least 4 carbon atoms on average in a cyclic, branched-, or straight-chain configuration;
an oil phase; and
a water phase;
wherein the vinyl polymer is the reaction product of at least two different monomers; and
wherein the alkoxy-containing side chains are derived from at least one monomer selected from a first class of monomers consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated alkyl (meth)acrylic monomers having at least 4 carbon atoms on average having the formula
wherein R 1 is hydrogen or methyl, and R 2 is the alkyl group having at least 4 carbon atoms on average, and wherein the monomers selected from the first class of monomers are present in an amount of at least about 60 wt-%, based on the total weight of the polymerizable composition.
2. The water-in-oil emulsion of claim 1 , further comprising: an anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant, or amphoteric surfactant.
3. The water-in-oil emulsion of claim 2 further comprising an auxillary emulsifier.
4. The water-in-oil emulsion of claim 2 further comprising a buffer.
5. The water-in-oil emulsion of claim 2 , wherein the surfactant is present at less than 10 wt %.
6. The water-in-oil emulsion of claim 5 , wherein the monoethylenically unsaturated alkyl (meth)acrylic monomer is present in an amount of at least about 75 wt-%, based on the total weight of the polymerizable composition.
7. A composition comprising the water-in-oil emulsion of claim 1 and an antimicrobial agent.
8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the alkyl group of the alkoxy-containing side chain has 4 to 50 carbon atoms on average, and wherein the anionic group-containing side chains comprise groups selected from the group consisting of (SO 3 ) x M, (SOAK (PO 3 ) x M, (PO 4 ) x M, and combinations thereof, wherein x is 1 or 2 and M is selected from the group consisting of Na, K, Li, Ca, Mg, Zn, a protonated primary amine, a protonated secondary amine, a protonated tertiary amine, a quaternary amine, and combinations thereof.
9. The composition of claim 7 which is a hair care composition.
10. The composition of claim 9 , wherein the hair care composition is a styling agent, shampoo, dye, conditioner, rinse, antidandruff preparation, or mask for the hair.
11. The composition of claim 7 which is in the form of an insect repellant, shaving product, hand lotion, body lotion, gel, cream, sunless tanning composition, sunscreen, cleanser, toner, astringent, freshener, mask for skin, nail polish, nail strengthener, underarm deodorant, antiperspirant, bath powder, talc, bath oil, bubble bath, makeup, cologne, perfume, composition for cushioning sores, or hair removal composition.
12. The composition of claim 7 which is a makeup.
13. The composition of claim 12 wherein the makeup is a lipstick, eye shadow, eye liner, mascara, rouge, face powder, or foundation.
14. The composition of claim 7 wherein the antimicrobial agent is selected from the group of iodine, an iodophor, a chlorhexidine salt, parachlorometaxylenol, hydrogen peroxide, silver, a silver salt, and a combination thereof.
15. The composition of claim 14 wherein the antimicrobial agent is selected from the group of povidone iodine, chlorhexidine gluconate, silver oxide, and a combination thereof.
16. The composition of claim 7 further comprising an auxillary emulsifier.
17. The composition of claim 7 further comprising a buffer.
18. A composition comprising the water-in-oil emulsion of claim 1 ; an anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant, or amphoteric surfactant; and a pharmaceutical agent.
19. The water-in-oil emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the vinyl polymer is the reaction product of at least three different monomers.
20. The water-in-oil emulsion of claim 19 , wherein the alkoxy-containing side chains are derived from at least two different monomers selected from the first class of monomers.
21. The water-in-oil emulsion of claim 19 , wherein at least one monomer is selected from a second class of monomers consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated poly(alkylene oxide) (meth)acrylic monomers having the formula:
wherein:
m is at least 2;
p is 0 to 50;
q is 0 or 1;
R 6 is hydrogen or methyl; and
R 7 is hydrogen or linear or branched alkyl and/or aryl groups;
with the proviso that, if p is not 0, the isopropylene oxide groups (the “p” groups) and the ethylene oxide groups (the “m” groups) are arranged in a reversed, alternating, random, or block configuration.
22. The water-in-oil emulsion of claim 21 , wherein p is 0, and q is 0.
23. A composition comprising a water-in-oil emulsion comprising:
a vinyl polymer comprising anionic group-containing side chains and alkoxy-containing side chains, wherein the alkyl group of the alkoxy-containing side chain has at least 4 carbon atoms on average in a cyclic, branched-, or straight-chain configuration; wherein the vinyl polymer is derived from monomers, at least one of which has a pKa of less than 4;
an anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant, or amphoteric surfactant;
an oil phase; and
a water phase;
wherein the vinyl polymer is the reaction product of at least two different monomers; and
wherein the alkoxy-containing side chains are derived from at least one monomer selected from a first class of monomers consisting of monoethylenically unsaturated alkyl (meth)acrylic monomers with an alkyl group having at least 4 carbon atoms on average having the formula
wherein R 1 is hydrogen or methyl, and R 2 is the alkyl group having at least 4 carbon atoms on average, and wherein the monomers selected from the first class of monomers are present in an amount of at least about 60 wt-%, based on the total weight of the polymerizable composition.
24. The composition of claim 23 further comprising an antimicrobial agent.
25. The composition of claim 24 wherein the antimicrobial agent is selected from the group of iodine, an iodophor, a chlorhexidine salt, parachlorometaxylenol, hydrogen peroxide, silver, a silver salt, and a combination thereof.
26. The composition of claim 25 wherein the antimicrobial agent is selected from the group of povidone iodine, chlorhexidine gluconate, silver oxide, and a combination thereof.
27. The composition of claim 23 further comprising an auxillary emulsifier.
28. The composition of claim 23 further comprising a buffer.
29. The water-in-oil emulsion of claim 1 ,
wherein the alkyl group of the alkoxy-containing side chain has 4 to 50 carbon atoms on average in a cyclic, branched-, or straight-chain configuration and, wherein the anionic group-containing side chains comprise groups selected from the group consisting of (PO 3 ) x M, (PO 4 ) x M, and combinations thereof, wherein x is 1 or 2 and M is selected from the group consisting of Na, K, Li, Ca, Mg, Zn, a protonated primary amine, a protonated secondary amine, a protonated tertiary amine, a quaternary amine, and combinations thereof.
30. A method of disinfecting mammalian tissue prior to surgery or catheterization, the method comprising:
applying the composition of claim 7 ; and
allowing the tissue antiseptic composition to dry for at least 15 seconds, wherein a pressure sensitive adhesive product applied over the tissue antiseptic composition on the tissue adheres at a level of at least about 50% of the level of adhesion of the pressure sensitive adhesive product applied directly to the tissue.
31. A method of disinfecting mammalian tissue comprising applying the composition of claim 7 to mammalian tissue.
32. A method of disinfecting mammalian tissue comprising applying the composition of claim 8 to mammalian tissue.
33. A method of delivering a pharmaceutical agent to a mammal comprising applying the composition of claim 18 to mammalian skin.
34. A method of moisturizing mammalian skin comprising applying the composition of claim 23 to mammalian skin.